Sistemas campesinos de Santiago del Estero, crisis de polinizadores y vulnerabilidades: Un acercamiento a través de redes de interacción
; Cilla, Gabriela ; Céspedes, Fernando Nicolás Otros responsables
Fecha
05/2021
Editorial
Consejo de Decanos de Ingeniería del NOA
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Investigaciones en Facultades de Ingeniería del NOA
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1853-6662
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Los sistemas campesinos pueden entenderse como sistemas complejos donde diferentes componentes interaccionan entre sí. En Santiago del Estero, las familias campesinas utilizan el monte para satisfacer necesidades, estando en continua relación con el ambiente y sus componentes. Sin embargo, diversas problemáticas a nivel regional, sociales y ambientales, pueden afectar las relaciones. Una muy importante es la polinización, por sus aportes directos e indirectos a los ecosistemas. Se propone analizar la vulnerabilidad frente a la crisis actual de polinizadores de 4 sistemas campesinos santiagueños, utilizando metodología etnobiológica y ecológica, específi camente redes de interacciones mutualistas. Evaluando las especies de plantas presentes en bordes de cultivos y huertas, sus usos y las abejas que se comportaban como visitantes fl orales, se determinó que la diversidad de abejas es baja (18 especies) y están asociadas a ocho familias botánicas y cuatro usos. Apis mellifera (única especie exótica) es la más frecuente. Las redes muestran ser robustas frente a eventuales perturbaciones, como la pérdida de abejas y no se compromete la satisfacción de alguna necesidad. Esta aproximación al estudio de sistemas campesinos a través de redes de interacción permite comprender la forma en que los componentes de estas redes están relacionados e interactuando a diferentes niveles.
Peasant systems can be understood as complex systems where diff erent components interact with each other. In Santiago del Estero, peasant families use the forest to satisfy needs, being in continuous relationship with the environment and its components. However, various problems at the regional level, social and environmental, can aff ect relationships. A very important one is pollination, due to its direct and indirect contributions to ecosystems. It is proposed to analyze the vulnerability to the current crisis of pollinators of 4 Santiago peasant systems, using ethnobiological and ecological methodology, specifi cally networks of mutual interactions. By evaluating the plant species present at the edges of crops and orchards, their uses and the bees that behaved as fl oral visitors, it was determined that the diversity of bees is low (18 species) and they are associated with eight botanical families and four uses. Apis mellifera (the only exotic species) is the most frequent. The networks show to be robust in the face of eventual disturbances, such as the loss of bees and the satisfaction of any need is not compromised. This approach to the study of peasant systems through interaction networks allows us to understand the way in which the components of these networks are related and interacting at diff erent levels.
Peasant systems can be understood as complex systems where diff erent components interact with each other. In Santiago del Estero, peasant families use the forest to satisfy needs, being in continuous relationship with the environment and its components. However, various problems at the regional level, social and environmental, can aff ect relationships. A very important one is pollination, due to its direct and indirect contributions to ecosystems. It is proposed to analyze the vulnerability to the current crisis of pollinators of 4 Santiago peasant systems, using ethnobiological and ecological methodology, specifi cally networks of mutual interactions. By evaluating the plant species present at the edges of crops and orchards, their uses and the bees that behaved as fl oral visitors, it was determined that the diversity of bees is low (18 species) and they are associated with eight botanical families and four uses. Apis mellifera (the only exotic species) is the most frequent. The networks show to be robust in the face of eventual disturbances, such as the loss of bees and the satisfaction of any need is not compromised. This approach to the study of peasant systems through interaction networks allows us to understand the way in which the components of these networks are related and interacting at diff erent levels.
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