Empleo, ingresos, transferencias y endeudamiento de los hogares durante el primer año de gobierno de La Libertad Avanza

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Fecha
10/2025
Editorial
Grupo Interuniversitario Postdata
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Postdata
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1515-209X
eISSN
1851-9601
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Español
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El artículo examina las principales medidas del gobierno de La Libertad Avanza durante su primer año de gestión y sus efectos sobre el empleo, los ingresos, las transferencias no contributivas y el endeudamiento de los hogares. La administración de Javier Milei implementó un ajuste fiscal equivalente a aproximadamente 5 puntos porcentuales del PIB, a través de la “licuadora” —reducción en términos reales de salarios, haberes previsionales y programas sociales— y la “motosierra” —recortes en obra pública, transferencias a provincias, subsidios a servicios públicos y empleo estatal—. El impacto de esta política fue socialmente regresivo, con un marcado deterioro de la protección social, con la excepción de las transferencias a hogares con niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA). En este contexto, la pobreza alcanzó máximos históricos, especialmente en hogares con NNA, aunque retrocedió en el segundo semestre de 2024. El endeudamiento se consolidó como estrategia clave de supervivencia en los sectores más vulnerables, mientras los de mayores ingresos pudieron mejorar sus condiciones de vida, accediendo al crédito para consumo durable e inversión.
The articleexamines the main measures implemented by La LibertadAvanza during its first year in office and theireffects on employment, income, non-contributory transfers, and household indebtedness.Javier Milei’s administration carried out a fiscal adjustmentequivalent to approximately five percentage points of GDP,through two strategies:theso-called licuadora (“blender”),referring to theerosion of real incomes by granting nominal increases below inflation in wages, pensions, and social programs, and the motosierra (“chainsaw”), meaning deep and wide-ranging cuts to public spending, including public works, transfers to provinces, subsidies for public services, and public sectoremployment.Theimpact of these policies was socially regressive, leading to a marked deterioration in social protection,with the notableexception of transfers to households with children and adolescents. In this context, poverty reached historical highs, particularly in householdswithminors, although it declined in the second half of 2024. Indebtedness became a key survival strategy among the most vulnerable sectors, while higher-income households improved their living conditions by accessing credit for durable consumption and investment.
The articleexamines the main measures implemented by La LibertadAvanza during its first year in office and theireffects on employment, income, non-contributory transfers, and household indebtedness.Javier Milei’s administration carried out a fiscal adjustmentequivalent to approximately five percentage points of GDP,through two strategies:theso-called licuadora (“blender”),referring to theerosion of real incomes by granting nominal increases below inflation in wages, pensions, and social programs, and the motosierra (“chainsaw”), meaning deep and wide-ranging cuts to public spending, including public works, transfers to provinces, subsidies for public services, and public sectoremployment.Theimpact of these policies was socially regressive, leading to a marked deterioration in social protection,with the notableexception of transfers to households with children and adolescents. In this context, poverty reached historical highs, particularly in householdswithminors, although it declined in the second half of 2024. Indebtedness became a key survival strategy among the most vulnerable sectors, while higher-income households improved their living conditions by accessing credit for durable consumption and investment.
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