Signos prelingüísticos y desarrollo temprano de funciones ejecutivas: la importancia de las intervenciones adultas durante el juego en el hogar
; de Benedictis, Carla ; Stein, Alejandra
; Rosemberg, Celia Renata 
Otros responsables
Fecha
08/2025
Editorial
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Educación
Revista
Pensamiento Educativo
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
0717-1013
eISSN
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Español
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Resumen
El presente trabajo busca contribuir al conocimiento de las características de las interacciones triádicas en situaciones de juego en el hogar, los procesos atencionales y el desarrollo temprano de dos funciones ejecutivas (FE): inhibición y flexibilidad cognitiva (FC). La mayoría de las investigaciones focalizadas en el desarrollo de estas habilidades se centraron en niños de 3 a 5 años y utilizaron pruebas estandarizadas para su análisis. Sin embargo, algunos estudios recientes han evidenciado que, desde el primer año de vida, dicho desarrollo también se manifiesta a través del uso infantil de signos prelingüísticos durante interacciones triádicas. No obstante, esas investigaciones no profundizaron en el análisis del rol que desempeñan las intervenciones adultas en el proceso. De acuerdo con lo anterior, el presente estudio analiza situaciones lúdicas triádicas en hogares con niños de entre 18 y 20 meses de edad, con el fin de indagar sobre sus habilidades de inhibición y FC en relación con el impacto de las intervenciones adultas en el desarrollo de estas. Teniendo en cuenta que el juego es una actividad rectora de la infancia, las interacciones de este estudio se observaron en el marco de situaciones de juego inducido. Finalmente, se concluyó que los niños utilizan diversos signos prelingüísticos tanto para regular su propia conducta como para comunicarse con sus cuidadores. Se registraron intervenciones de los adultos que colaboran tanto con el sostén de la atención de los niños como con el uso de sus juguetes. Estos hallazgos se discuten en el contexto del hogar, considerando sus implicancias para el diseño futuro de intervenciones educativas que favorezcan el desarrollo temprano de las FE.
The present study aims to contribute to the understanding of the characteristics of triadic interactions during play situations at home, attentional processes and the early development of two executive functions (EF): inhibition, and cognitive flexibility (CF). Most research focused on the development of these skills has centered on children aged 3 to 5 years and used standardized tests for their analysis. However, recent studies have shown that, from the first year of life, such development is also manifested through children’s use of prelinguistic signs during triadic play interactions. Nonetheless, those studies did not delve into the analysis of the role played by adult interventions in the process. For this reason, the present study analyzes triadic play situations in the homes of children aged 18 to 20 months, to explore their inhibition and CF skills, in relation to the impact of adult interventions on their development. Considering that play is a central activity during childhood, the interactions in this study were observed within the framework of induced play situations. It was concluded that children use various prelinguistic signs both to regulate their own behavior and to communicate with their caregivers. Adult interventions were observed that support both the maintenance of children's attention and their use of the toys. These findings about the home context are discussed considering their implications for the future design of educational interventions that support the early development of EF
The present study aims to contribute to the understanding of the characteristics of triadic interactions during play situations at home, attentional processes and the early development of two executive functions (EF): inhibition, and cognitive flexibility (CF). Most research focused on the development of these skills has centered on children aged 3 to 5 years and used standardized tests for their analysis. However, recent studies have shown that, from the first year of life, such development is also manifested through children’s use of prelinguistic signs during triadic play interactions. Nonetheless, those studies did not delve into the analysis of the role played by adult interventions in the process. For this reason, the present study analyzes triadic play situations in the homes of children aged 18 to 20 months, to explore their inhibition and CF skills, in relation to the impact of adult interventions on their development. Considering that play is a central activity during childhood, the interactions in this study were observed within the framework of induced play situations. It was concluded that children use various prelinguistic signs both to regulate their own behavior and to communicate with their caregivers. Adult interventions were observed that support both the maintenance of children's attention and their use of the toys. These findings about the home context are discussed considering their implications for the future design of educational interventions that support the early development of EF
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