Caracteres epidérmicos de 30 especies xero-halófilas: ¿es el ambiente el principal factor determinante?
; Cambi, Viviana Nora Otros responsables
Fecha
2016-11-11
Editorial
Fundación Miguel Lillo
Revista
Lilloa
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ISSN
0075-9481
eISSN
2346-9641
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Español
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Resumen
La epidermis es el tejido primario de protección de las plantas, constituido por células especializadas para diferentes funciones. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir las características de las epidermis foliares y caulinares de 30 especies de una comunidad xero-halófila que habitan el Salitral de la Vidriera (Prov. Bs. As.) y evaluar posibles relaciones de las estructuras epidérmicas halladas con variables propias del microambiente edáfico en el que se desarrollan. Las muestras fueron tratadas mediante técnicas tradicionales para su estudio en superficie. Se observaron cutículas lisas y estriadas. La mayor parte de las especies presentaron células epidérmicas de paredes rectas y engrosadas, mientras que en algunas se encontraron paredes onduladas y delgadas. Se encontraron aparatos estomáticos de diferentes tipos. Se hallaron tricomas glandulares y eglandulares: secretores de sal, con pequeños cristales de oxalato de calcio, cistolíticos, látigo, entre otros. Los tricomas se observaron dispersos sobre la superficie del órgano o reunidos en nidos mixtos. Los tricomas hallados en gran cantidad resultaron tanto de paredes delgadas como gruesas y esclerosadas mientras que los de escasa densidad presentaron sus paredes siempre gruesas y esclerosadas. Tres especies presentaron glándulas de sal, protegidas en depresiones de la epidermis, levemente hundidas o a nivel epidérmico. Relacionando las características epidérmicas y las condiciones del ambiente edáfico en el que habitan las especies se encontró que existe una gran variación en la presencia/ausencia de las diferentes características, por lo que el estudio aislado de las características epidérmicas no constituye un buen indicador para definir a una planta como xero-halófila.
The epidermis is the primary tissue of plant protection, consisting of specialized cells for different functions. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of leaf and stem epidermis of 30 species of the xero-halophytic community inhabiting the Salitral de la Vidriera (Prov. Bs. As.) and to evaluate possible relationships of epidermal characteristics found with own vari- ables of the edaphic microenvironment in which they develop. The samples were treated under traditional techniques for study in surface. Smooth and ridged cuticles were observed. Most species showed epidermal cells with straight and thickened walls, while some were found with corrugated and thin walls. Stomata of different types and glandular and eglandular trichomes (secreting salt, with small crystals of calcium oxalate, cystholitic, whip, among others), were found. The trichomes were found scattered on the organ surface or together in mixed nests. When trichomes were found in large quantities their walls were thin or sclerotic and when they were few, walls were always were sclerotic. Three species showed salt glands, protected in depressions of the epidermis, slightly sunken or at epidermal level. Relating the epidermal characteristics and soil conditions of the environment species inhabit we found there is a great variation in the presence/absence of the different characteristics, so the isolated study of epidermal characteristics does not constitute a good indicator to define a plant as xero-halophytic one.
The epidermis is the primary tissue of plant protection, consisting of specialized cells for different functions. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of leaf and stem epidermis of 30 species of the xero-halophytic community inhabiting the Salitral de la Vidriera (Prov. Bs. As.) and to evaluate possible relationships of epidermal characteristics found with own vari- ables of the edaphic microenvironment in which they develop. The samples were treated under traditional techniques for study in surface. Smooth and ridged cuticles were observed. Most species showed epidermal cells with straight and thickened walls, while some were found with corrugated and thin walls. Stomata of different types and glandular and eglandular trichomes (secreting salt, with small crystals of calcium oxalate, cystholitic, whip, among others), were found. The trichomes were found scattered on the organ surface or together in mixed nests. When trichomes were found in large quantities their walls were thin or sclerotic and when they were few, walls were always were sclerotic. Three species showed salt glands, protected in depressions of the epidermis, slightly sunken or at epidermal level. Relating the epidermal characteristics and soil conditions of the environment species inhabit we found there is a great variation in the presence/absence of the different characteristics, so the isolated study of epidermal characteristics does not constitute a good indicator to define a plant as xero-halophytic one.
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