Matorrales forrajeros en zonas áridas: indicadores de estado
; Martinez Carretero, Eduardo Enrique 
Otros responsables
Fecha
09/2014
Editorial
Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Aridas
Revista
Multequina
Título del libro
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Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
0327-9375
eISSN
1852-7329
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Español
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Resumen
El objetivo fue evaluar los matorrales de Atriplex argentina (“zampa”), seleccionando indicadores biológicos y físicos que permitan establecer las condiciones de conservación de este recurso natural y su relación con el estado de degradación al norte del departamento Valle Fértil (San Juan, Argentina). El sistema de producción ganadero en el área depende de la vegetación natural; las comunidades de A. argentina ocupan áreas extensas y constituyen una de las fuentes forrajeras de importancia; en estas áreas se observa erosión hídrica mantiforme, en surcos y en cárcavas. La vegetación se estudió a través del método de línea de intersección de puntos. En cada tipo de erosión hídrica se registraron parámetros del microrrelieve: presencia de surco, base mayor, base menor y altura de surco, distancia entre surcos. Para cada situación se calculó: porcentaje de suelo desnudo, de mantillo, superficie sin vegetación, cobertura vegetal, cobertura + mantillo; biomasa; frecuencia de canales; relación superficie con surco / superficie total; promedio base mayor de surco y promedio altura mayor de surco. Los relevamientos florísticos se analizaron mediante análisis de componentes principales y correlación múltiple. Se seleccionaron como indicadores de estado: biomasa, cobertura de mantillo, frecuencia de canales, relación superficie de surcos/superficie total y base mayor de surco. Se identificaron tres gradientes de degradación: leve, moderado y grave.
The aim of the paper was to assess the Atriplex argentina (“zampa”) scrubland, selecting biological and physical indicators that allow to establish the conditions of conservation of this natural resource and its relation with the state of degradation in the north of Valle Fértil department (San Juan, Argentina). In the study area the livestock production system depends on the natural vegetation; the A. argentina plant communities occupy large areas and constitute one of the relevant sources of fodder; in these areas the laminar, rill and gully water erosion is observed. The vegetation was studied using the line-of-point-intersection method. In each type of water erosion parameters of micro-relief were recorded: presence of groove, larger base, lower base and height of row, and row spacing. For each situation we calculated: percentage of bare soil, mulch, surface without vegetation cover, litter cover, biomass, frequency channel; relationship grooved surface / total surface area average larger base of groove and groove taller than average. The floristic surveys were analyzed using principal component analysis and multiple correlations. As status conservation indicators we selected: biomass, litter cover, frequency channels, grooves area ratio / total area and larger base of groove. We identified three degradation gradients: mild, moderate and severe.
The aim of the paper was to assess the Atriplex argentina (“zampa”) scrubland, selecting biological and physical indicators that allow to establish the conditions of conservation of this natural resource and its relation with the state of degradation in the north of Valle Fértil department (San Juan, Argentina). In the study area the livestock production system depends on the natural vegetation; the A. argentina plant communities occupy large areas and constitute one of the relevant sources of fodder; in these areas the laminar, rill and gully water erosion is observed. The vegetation was studied using the line-of-point-intersection method. In each type of water erosion parameters of micro-relief were recorded: presence of groove, larger base, lower base and height of row, and row spacing. For each situation we calculated: percentage of bare soil, mulch, surface without vegetation cover, litter cover, biomass, frequency channel; relationship grooved surface / total surface area average larger base of groove and groove taller than average. The floristic surveys were analyzed using principal component analysis and multiple correlations. As status conservation indicators we selected: biomass, litter cover, frequency channels, grooves area ratio / total area and larger base of groove. We identified three degradation gradients: mild, moderate and severe.
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