¿Pescadores, cazadores, recolectores pedemontanos? El caso de las sociedades de tradición San Francisco (Prov. de Jujuy, noroeste de Argentina)

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Fecha
08/2011
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Humanidades
Revista
Cazadores Recolectores del Cono Sur
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1850-292X
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Español
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La discusión en torno a qué defi ne a las formaciones sociales desaparecidas basadas en la extracción de recursos silvestres lleva más de 20 años (Price y Brown 1985). A pesar de importantes avances en ese sentido muchas de las sociedades que vivieron en diferentes regiones del noroeste argentino son aún hoy englobadas bajo rótulos taxativos poco fl exibles lo que nos alerta acerca de la peligrosidad del reduccionismo al aplicar acríticamente esquemas taxonómicos rígidos. El caso de las denominadas “sociedades formativas” de tradición San Francisco representa a mi entender, un ejemplo cabal de la aplicación sin mayor revisión crítica de tales categorías. En este trabajo se discuten algunos aspectos en relación a como han sido concebidas estas sociedades en la literatura arqueológica tradicional y se presentan nuevos datos que permiten refl exionar acerca de la estrechez conceptual de algunas de estas categorías a la hora de tratar de entender formaciones pretéritas complejas que vivieron en ambientes de alta productividad
The debate on what defines the disappeared social formations based on the use of wild resources has been going on for more than twenty years (Price y Brown 1985). Despite the research on this field has advanced; a great number of the societies that inhabited different regions of north-western Argentina are still englobed under infexible restrictive labels, a fact that warns us against the dangers of reductionism by applying rigid taxonomic schemes in an uncritical way. The case study of the so-called “formative societies” of San Francisco tradition represents to me a clear example of the use, without much critical review, of the previously mentioned categories. Some aspects related to the way in which these societies have been conceived in traditional archaeological literature are discussed in this paper and new data are presented that allow us to reflect on the conceptual narrowness of some of these categories when it comes to understanding the complex past formations that lived in highly productive environments.
The debate on what defines the disappeared social formations based on the use of wild resources has been going on for more than twenty years (Price y Brown 1985). Despite the research on this field has advanced; a great number of the societies that inhabited different regions of north-western Argentina are still englobed under infexible restrictive labels, a fact that warns us against the dangers of reductionism by applying rigid taxonomic schemes in an uncritical way. The case study of the so-called “formative societies” of San Francisco tradition represents to me a clear example of the use, without much critical review, of the previously mentioned categories. Some aspects related to the way in which these societies have been conceived in traditional archaeological literature are discussed in this paper and new data are presented that allow us to reflect on the conceptual narrowness of some of these categories when it comes to understanding the complex past formations that lived in highly productive environments.
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