Modelos continuos de sondas de perforación para la industria petrolera: Análisis de enfoques y su discretización
; Sampaio, Rubens Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2009
Editorial
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Revista
Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería
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0213-1315
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Español
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Resumen
En este trabajo se presenta un modelo continuo que, por discretizacion mediante el metodo de elementosfinitos, se emplea para analizar las vibraciones acopladas extensionales, flexionales y torsionales de unasonda de perforacion. La sonda se describe como una viga axialmente rotante confinada a moverse dentrode un cilindro rıgido que simula el pozo de perforacion. La estructura se halla sujeta a fuerzas distribuidas asociadas a su propio peso, fuerzas de reaccion y momentos de perturbacion donde actua el trepano. Lafriccion y los impactos laterales de la sonda de perforacion se consideran mediante formas de penalizacion simplificadas. Por su complejidad la dinamica de sondas de perforacion suele analizarse por medio de modelosde parametros condensados equivalentes que se obtienen a partir de correlaciones experimentales de datosde campo. Sin embargo estos modelos de par ́ametros condensados no incluyen fehacientemente los efectos deno linealidad geometrica, misma que tiene una importante influencia en la dinamica de estructuras esbeltas.Otros modelos de sondas se basan en enfoques continuos pero bajo hipotesis de comportamiento lineal. Eneste contexto el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la influencia de la no linealidad geometrica en la dinamica de las sondas de perforacion junto con los patrones de vibro-impacto comparando los presentes resultadoscon otro tipo de predicciones. El modelo de sonda de perforacion se discretiza con elementos finitos tipoviga con 12 grados de libertad por elemento. Los resultados de este estudio muestran la influencia de losaspectos considerados en la respuesta dinamica de las sondas, especialmente cuando se presentan impactoscon los bordes del pozo o la formacíon rocosa del fondo.
In this paper a continuous model is presented that by finite element discretization is employed in the analysisof coupled extensional flexural and torsional vibrations of a drill-string. The drill-string is described as anaxially rotating beam constrained to move inside a rigid cylinder that simulates the walls of the perforationhole. The beam is subjected to its own weight, reaction forces and perturbation bending moments actingin the drill-bit. The friction and the lateral impacts of the drill-string are considered by means of simplifiedschemes. Due to its inherent complexity, the dynamics of a drill-string is normally analyzed by means ofmodels with lumped parameters, whose features are obtained by correlation with experimental data collectedin the oil fields. However these lumped-parameter models do not include in a realistic way effects, such asgeometric stiffening among others, that are quite important in flexible structures. There are some continuousmodels of drill-strings based on linear approaches and also accounting for geometric stiffening. Under thiscontext, the objective of the present work is devoted to analyze, and compare with other approaches, theinfluence of geometric non-linearity together with patterns of vibro-impact in the dynamics of drill-strings
In this paper a continuous model is presented that by finite element discretization is employed in the analysisof coupled extensional flexural and torsional vibrations of a drill-string. The drill-string is described as anaxially rotating beam constrained to move inside a rigid cylinder that simulates the walls of the perforationhole. The beam is subjected to its own weight, reaction forces and perturbation bending moments actingin the drill-bit. The friction and the lateral impacts of the drill-string are considered by means of simplifiedschemes. Due to its inherent complexity, the dynamics of a drill-string is normally analyzed by means ofmodels with lumped parameters, whose features are obtained by correlation with experimental data collectedin the oil fields. However these lumped-parameter models do not include in a realistic way effects, such asgeometric stiffening among others, that are quite important in flexible structures. There are some continuousmodels of drill-strings based on linear approaches and also accounting for geometric stiffening. Under thiscontext, the objective of the present work is devoted to analyze, and compare with other approaches, theinfluence of geometric non-linearity together with patterns of vibro-impact in the dynamics of drill-strings
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