Recuperando el pueblo como sujeto democrático al interior de la República

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Fecha
12/2013
Editorial
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Revista
Cadernos de Estudos Sociais e Políticos
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
2238-3425
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Español
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Resumen
A lo largo de toda su historia, la República ha sido asociada a su vez al conflicto (Maquiavelo) y a determinadas canales institucionales de contención del mismo (Montesquieu, Rousseau); a una noción de ciudadanía virtuosa y a otra de libertad entendida en su concepción positiva, donde soy libre en la medida que soy parte de un Estado (polis) libre – autosuficiente – (Aristóteles). La idea de República, supone así la noción de una cosa pública y la idea de conflicto, un espacio público que por ser de todos es disputado permanentemente, redefiniendo sus propios límites. Sin embargo, a lo largo de los años, esta última idea se ha ido difuminando de la noción republicana quedando ésta asociada sólo a mecanismos compensatorios de poder y a determinadas virtudes cívicas necesarias para su sostenimiento que la han ido vaciando de contenido. En este trabajo, además de presentar este recorrido, será nuestra preocupación esta recuperación de la tradición republicana en nuestros días. Se tratará de entender cuál es su verdadero vínculo con el orden y el conflicto, es decir de qué manera puede ser útil a la política democrática, cuyo sujeto por excelencia siempre ha sido el pueblo (el demos).
Throughout its history, the Republic has been associated with the conflict (Machiavelli) and certain institutional channels containing the same (Montesquieu, Rousseau); a notion of virtuous citizenship and another of freedom understood in its positive conception, where I am free to the extent that I am part of a State (polis) self-sufficient (Aristotle). Therefore, the idea of a Republic is the notion of a thing and the idea of conflict, a public space which is permanently disputed because it belongs to everybody, and which redefines its own limits. However, over the years, this previous idea has been blurred from the republican notion. Therefore, it is just associated to compensatory mechanisms of power and certain civic virtues necessary for its maintenance that have emptied it of content. In this paper, besides of presenting this tour, it is our concern the recovery of the current republican tradition. We will attempt to understand which is its real relationship with the order and conflict, i.e. how it can be useful to democratic politics, whose subject par excellence has always been the people (the demos).
Throughout its history, the Republic has been associated with the conflict (Machiavelli) and certain institutional channels containing the same (Montesquieu, Rousseau); a notion of virtuous citizenship and another of freedom understood in its positive conception, where I am free to the extent that I am part of a State (polis) self-sufficient (Aristotle). Therefore, the idea of a Republic is the notion of a thing and the idea of conflict, a public space which is permanently disputed because it belongs to everybody, and which redefines its own limits. However, over the years, this previous idea has been blurred from the republican notion. Therefore, it is just associated to compensatory mechanisms of power and certain civic virtues necessary for its maintenance that have emptied it of content. In this paper, besides of presenting this tour, it is our concern the recovery of the current republican tradition. We will attempt to understand which is its real relationship with the order and conflict, i.e. how it can be useful to democratic politics, whose subject par excellence has always been the people (the demos).
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