Tecnologías de envolvente liviana en la producción de vivienda social pública: Estudio de calidad térmica y confort en Mendoza, Argentina
; Miranda Gassull, Virginia Paulina 
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Fecha
12/2024
Editorial
Universidad Austral de Chile
Revista
Revista Arquitectura Urbanismo y Sustentabilidad
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0718-7262
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Español
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Resumen
Tanto a nivel nacional como regional, se observa un creciente uso de sistemas de envolvente liviana opaca en la construcción de vivienda nueva, implementados como tendencia en diferentes contextos socioeconómicos. En el marco de la política pública del Instituto Provincial de Vivienda en Mendoza sobre la construcción y experimentación de viviendas público-estatales desarrolladas con sistemas no convencionales de construcción –como los sistemas de paneles de núcleo aislante revestidos con OSB (paneles SIP), sistema de paneles aislantes y mortero proyectado, y el sistema steel framing– se propone analizar datos pragmáticos de temperatura obtenidos mediante auditorías in situ de seis viviendas, complementadas con las respuestas obtenidas en encuestas de percepción subjetiva (ambiental y de confort) de los usuarios. Los resultados obtenidos indican que, en invierno, el uso de sistemas mecánicos es mesurado: se acciona en horarios clave del anochecer y el amanecer y las viviendas mantienen una temperatura estable. Mientras, en verano se observa que los sistemas mecánicos para enfriar se usan con mayor intensidad con el fin de lograr confort ambiental. Los resultados térmicos interiores mostraron, en términos generales, un sobrecalentamiento de los espacios, situación que resulta favorable en invierno y desfavorable en verano.
A growing use of opaque lightweight envelope systems in the construction of new housing is observed both at national and regional level, implemented as a trend in different socioeconomic contexts. Within the framework of the Mendoza Provincial Housing Institute’s public policies on the construction and piloting of public-state housing developed with non-conventional construction systems –such as OSB-lined insulating core panels (SIP panels); insulating panel and projected mortar system; and steel framing– the study analyzes pragmatic temperature data obtained through on-site audits of six houses, complemented by subjective perception surveys (environment and comfort) applied to users. The results suggest that the use of mechanical systems is moderate in winter: they are turned on only at certain hours during dusk and dawn, and the housing keeps more stable temperatures. In summer, however, mechanical cooling systems are used with greater intensity in order to achieve environmental comfort. Overall, indoors thermal results showed an overheating of spaces, a situation that is favorable during winter and unfavorable during summer.
A growing use of opaque lightweight envelope systems in the construction of new housing is observed both at national and regional level, implemented as a trend in different socioeconomic contexts. Within the framework of the Mendoza Provincial Housing Institute’s public policies on the construction and piloting of public-state housing developed with non-conventional construction systems –such as OSB-lined insulating core panels (SIP panels); insulating panel and projected mortar system; and steel framing– the study analyzes pragmatic temperature data obtained through on-site audits of six houses, complemented by subjective perception surveys (environment and comfort) applied to users. The results suggest that the use of mechanical systems is moderate in winter: they are turned on only at certain hours during dusk and dawn, and the housing keeps more stable temperatures. In summer, however, mechanical cooling systems are used with greater intensity in order to achieve environmental comfort. Overall, indoors thermal results showed an overheating of spaces, a situation that is favorable during winter and unfavorable during summer.
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