Desigualdad estructural, prohibición de discriminación y el derecho a la salud sexual y (no) reproductiva como parte de los derechos económicos, sociales, culturales y ambientales: Las estelas jurisprudenciales de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
; Aldao, Martin Maria 
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Fecha
07/2025
Editorial
Universidad de Chile
Revista
Anuario de Derechos Humanos
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ISSN
0718-2058
eISSN
0718-2279
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Resumen
Este trabajo analiza la combinación de los estándares desarrollados por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos sobre el derecho a la salud sexual y (no) reproductiva como un derecho económico, social, cultural y ambiental (DESCA), y la desigualdad estructural e interseccional de género, pobreza y ruralidad en el caso Manuela y otros con El Salvador. Nuestro enfoque se centra en las potencialidades que contienen los estándares para sostener, en el marco del derecho a la salud sexual y (n0) reproductiva, el acceso a la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo para no incurrir en un supuesto de discriminación por género, pobreza y ruralidad. Esto incluye la exigencia al Estado del cumplimiento de obligaciones positivas para generar condiciones materiales de modo que las poblaciones en desigualdad estructural puedan tener acceso al goce efectivo de sus DESCA, lo cual requiere reconstruir los estándares más allá de que la Corte los haya aplicado en el caso concreto (estelas jurisprudenciales). Sobre esa base exploramos su aplicación en el caso Manuela y otros con El Salvador, particularmente cómo pudo haberlos aplicado (es decir, su potencial para el caso) y cómo esta aplicación podría repercutir en la resolución de otros casos similares (proyecciones jurisprudenciales de los estándares).
This paper focuses on the combination of the standards developed by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on sexual and (non) reproductive health as one of the economic, social, cultural, and environmental rights and the structural inequality intersecting gender, poverty, and rurality in the Manuela and others versus El Salvador case. Our approach does not revolve around the opportunities that the Inter-American Court missed when it ruled on the case, but rather the potential of the standards to uphold, within the framework of the right to sexual and reproductive health, access to voluntary termination of pregnancy so as not to incur discrimination based on gender, poverty, and rurality. This includes demanding that the State fulfill its positive obligations to create material conditions so that populations suffering from structural inequality can effectively enjoy their economic, social, cultural, and environmental rights, which requires rebuilding the standards beyond the specific case in which the InterAmerican Court applied them (case law precedents). On this basis, we explore their application in the Manuela and others versus El Salvador case, as well as how they could have been applied (that is, their potential for the case) and for the resolution of other similar cases (case law projections of the standards).
This paper focuses on the combination of the standards developed by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on sexual and (non) reproductive health as one of the economic, social, cultural, and environmental rights and the structural inequality intersecting gender, poverty, and rurality in the Manuela and others versus El Salvador case. Our approach does not revolve around the opportunities that the Inter-American Court missed when it ruled on the case, but rather the potential of the standards to uphold, within the framework of the right to sexual and reproductive health, access to voluntary termination of pregnancy so as not to incur discrimination based on gender, poverty, and rurality. This includes demanding that the State fulfill its positive obligations to create material conditions so that populations suffering from structural inequality can effectively enjoy their economic, social, cultural, and environmental rights, which requires rebuilding the standards beyond the specific case in which the InterAmerican Court applied them (case law precedents). On this basis, we explore their application in the Manuela and others versus El Salvador case, as well as how they could have been applied (that is, their potential for the case) and for the resolution of other similar cases (case law projections of the standards).
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