El campo como híbrido de racionalidad e irracionalidad: tres estudios de caso acerca de la modernización del medio rural en Argentina

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09/2012
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Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais
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Caderno de Geografia
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0103-8427
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l espacio geográfico, al igual que la acción humana, se compartimenta según sus distintos niveles de racionalidad. Surge así la posibilidad de distinguir a los llamados espacios de la racionalidad - aquellos alcanzados por el poder de contagio de la lógica dominante- de las áreas irracionales -definidas por situaciones no razonables, divergentes del orden global-. El campo no contraviene esa ley general; obstando la singularidad propia de cada actividad, la racionalidad hegemónica presente en el medio rural atañe al imperio de la agricultura científica globalizada como paradigma por excelencia. En este trabajo se procura, pues, indagar acerca de la reciente racionalización del campo argentino: ello implica, en primer lugar, investigar sus características generales e identificar la función dominante en derredor de la cual aquél se articula y reproduce; y contempla, en segundo término, desarrollar tres análisis regionales de caso que, implicando el estudio empírico de los diversos episodios de desestructuración sufridos por algunas producciones marginales -algodón, caña de azúcar, limón, yerba-mate, silvicultura-, conciernen a usos del territorio aglutinados por su incapacidad de incorporar a la lógica hegemónica en su forma pura, pero al mismo tiempo heterogéneos, en virtud de las estrategias de adaptación y reorganización ensayadas ante los vectores externos que, perturbando su desarrollo, imponen una tensión entre cambio y permanencia.
The geographic space, as the human action, is fragmented according to its different rationality levels, which turn possible to distinguish between called spaces of the rationality -those reached by the dominant logic’s power of infection- and irrational areas -defined by non reasonable situations, divergent to the global order-. Countryside isn’t avoid that general law; preventing the singularity of each activity, the rural medium’s hegemonical rationality concerns to scientific and globalizated agriculture’s empire paradigm. In this paper it is offered, then, to investigate about the recent Argentinean countryside’s rationalization: it implies, in the first place, to inquiry about their general characteristics and to identify the dominant function that articulates and reproduces it; and contemplate, in second term, develop three regional analysis of case that, involving the empiric study of the diverse crisis moments suffered by some marginal productions -cotton, sugar cane, lemon, mate-herb, forestry-, implies to territory uses agglutinated by their inability of incorporating to the hegemonical logical in it’s pure form, but singular, heterogeneous at the same time, in function of the diverse adaptation and reorganization strategies rehearsed against the external vectors that, perturbing their development, impose a tension between change and permanency.
The geographic space, as the human action, is fragmented according to its different rationality levels, which turn possible to distinguish between called spaces of the rationality -those reached by the dominant logic’s power of infection- and irrational areas -defined by non reasonable situations, divergent to the global order-. Countryside isn’t avoid that general law; preventing the singularity of each activity, the rural medium’s hegemonical rationality concerns to scientific and globalizated agriculture’s empire paradigm. In this paper it is offered, then, to investigate about the recent Argentinean countryside’s rationalization: it implies, in the first place, to inquiry about their general characteristics and to identify the dominant function that articulates and reproduces it; and contemplate, in second term, develop three regional analysis of case that, involving the empiric study of the diverse crisis moments suffered by some marginal productions -cotton, sugar cane, lemon, mate-herb, forestry-, implies to territory uses agglutinated by their inability of incorporating to the hegemonical logical in it’s pure form, but singular, heterogeneous at the same time, in function of the diverse adaptation and reorganization strategies rehearsed against the external vectors that, perturbing their development, impose a tension between change and permanency.
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