Quid ipsum vere sit quod loquuntur, ignorant: Las críticas de Petrarca a la escolástica del siglo XIV

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Fecha
12/2012
Editorial
Universidad del Norte Santo Tomas de Aquino. Facultad de Humanidades; Orden de Predicadores de la Provincia Argentina de San Agustín. Centro de Estudios
Revista
Studium. Filosofía y Teología
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ISSN
0329-8930
eISSN
2591-426X
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Español
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Resumen
A pesar de no formar parte de los claustros universitarios, Petrarca no era ajeno a las disputas propias de la escolástica. En el siglo XIV, ésta decantó –a grandes rasgos– en tres grandes vertientes: el logicismo, el naturalismo y una teología especulativa. El poeta da cuenta de cada una de ellas a lo largo de su producción. De este modo, en el presente trabajo nos proponemos exponer las críticas que Petrarca realiza a la escolástica, respecto de su metodología, de la oscuridad del lenguaje, de la excesiva confianza en la racionalidad del hombre, del modo en el que utilizan las auctoritates y de los peligros que éste implicaba para la fe cristiana. A partir de las críticas esbozadas por el humanista contra el escolasticismo, veremos emerger los rasgos principales que constituyeron a Petrarca en uno de los primeros humanistas: la elocuencia de losclásicos, la centralidad de la reflexión interior y espiritual sobre el hombre, el primado de la moral por sobre el racionalismo y la defensa del discurso poético como vía de acceso a la verdad.
Despite not being part of the university cloisters, Petrarch was no stranger to disputes typical of scholasticism. In the fourteenth century, this decanted -broadly speaking- in three main aspects: logicism, naturalism and a speculative theology. The poet gives an account of each of them throughout his production. In this way, in the present work we propose to expose the criticisms that Petrarch makes to the scholasticism, regarding its methodology, the obscurity of the language, the excessive confidence in the rationality of man, the way in which they use the auctoritates and of the dangers that this implied for the Christian faith. From the criticisms outlined by the humanist against scholasticism, we will see the emergence of the main features that made Petrarch one of the first humanists: the eloquence of the classics, the centrality of interior and spiritual reflection on man, the primacy of the morality over rationalism and the defense of poetic discourse as a way of accessing the truth.
Despite not being part of the university cloisters, Petrarch was no stranger to disputes typical of scholasticism. In the fourteenth century, this decanted -broadly speaking- in three main aspects: logicism, naturalism and a speculative theology. The poet gives an account of each of them throughout his production. In this way, in the present work we propose to expose the criticisms that Petrarch makes to the scholasticism, regarding its methodology, the obscurity of the language, the excessive confidence in the rationality of man, the way in which they use the auctoritates and of the dangers that this implied for the Christian faith. From the criticisms outlined by the humanist against scholasticism, we will see the emergence of the main features that made Petrarch one of the first humanists: the eloquence of the classics, the centrality of interior and spiritual reflection on man, the primacy of the morality over rationalism and the defense of poetic discourse as a way of accessing the truth.
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