De paisanos a marinos: los debates en la Armada Argentina sobre la conscripción naval obligatoria

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Fecha
01/2024
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Históricos
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Revista de Estudios Marítimos y Sociales
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2545-6237
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Este artículo analizará cómo la sanción de la ley de conscripción naval fue recibida por la oficialidad de la Armada Argentina y cómo ese grupo concibió la repentina entrada regular de individuos –mayormente carentes de instrucción educativa y técnica– dentro una Institución que se enorgullecía del profesionalismo de sus efectivos y del avance tecnológico de sus buques. Para ello, se analizará una documentación diversa, dentro de un recorte cronológico de veinte años, desde la sanción de la ley, en 1900, hasta la conclusión de la Primera Guerra Mundial. A modo de hipótesis, se sostiene que la conscripción suscitó un activo debate entre los oficiales, plasmado en estudios y trabajos de distinto grado de profundidad. Mientras que para algunos el sistema era positivo y precisaba solo de algunos ajustes para funcionar con mayor eficiencia, para otros se trató de un régimen totalmente viciado, que no reportaba utilidad alguna y era preciso eliminar.
This article will analyze how the enactment of the compulsory naval conscription law was received by the officers of the Argentine Navy and how that group conceived the sudden regular influx of individuals - mostly lacking the educational and technical training - into an Institution that prided itself on the professionalism of its personnel and the technological progress of its ships. To achieve this, diverse documentation will be examined within a chronological timeframe of twenty years, from the enactment of the law in 1900 to the conclusion of the First World War. As a hypothesis, it is argued that conscription sparked an active debate among the officers, reflected in studies and works of varying degrees of depth. While some believed the system was positive and only required some adjustments to operate more efficiently, others saw it as a deeply flawed regime that brought no utility and had to be done away with.
This article will analyze how the enactment of the compulsory naval conscription law was received by the officers of the Argentine Navy and how that group conceived the sudden regular influx of individuals - mostly lacking the educational and technical training - into an Institution that prided itself on the professionalism of its personnel and the technological progress of its ships. To achieve this, diverse documentation will be examined within a chronological timeframe of twenty years, from the enactment of the law in 1900 to the conclusion of the First World War. As a hypothesis, it is argued that conscription sparked an active debate among the officers, reflected in studies and works of varying degrees of depth. While some believed the system was positive and only required some adjustments to operate more efficiently, others saw it as a deeply flawed regime that brought no utility and had to be done away with.
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