La política religiosa del gobierno de Narendra Modi: pasado y presente del Bharatiya Janata Party en torno a los conflictos interreligiosos en India

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Fecha
05/2018
Editorial
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
Revista
Revista de Relaciones Internacionales, Estrategia y Seguridad
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1909-3063
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Español
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Resumen
En las elecciones nacionales de 2014 el BJP, encabezado por Narendra Modi, logró formar gobierno por primera vez en la historia de India sin contar con el apoyo del INC. Durante casi cuatro años de mandato, el nuevo gobierno parece haber sostenido una línea política de continuidad con las metas nacionales tradicionales, aunque la política religiosa aparece como una excepción.El artículo tiene por objetivo identificar de qué manera el ideario político y religioso de los hacedores públicos más relevantes del país ha influido e influye en la conformación de la política religiosa en India. Para tal efecto, y aplicando una metodología cualitativa -a través del enfoque hermenéutico y descriptivo-, se consideraron las distintas perspectivas de los padres fundadores del país, de sus principales académicos y de sus hacedores políticos más relevantes.El trabajo concluye que la política religiosa desarrollada por el gobierno de Modi ha reforzado la discusión sobre la identidad de India en base a dos posturas contrapuestas: una India laica y sincrética o una India basada en la supremacía del hinduismo. Dicha controversia adquiere especial relevancia dadas las repercusiones políticas y de seguridad que este tema podría provocar tanto a nivel nacional como regional.
In the 2014 national elections, the BJP lead by Narendra Modi could form government for the first time in Indian history without INC support. During his first four years of administration the new government appears to maintain certain continuity with the traditional national goals. Nevertheless his religious policy could be an exception. The aim of this article is to describe in what way the most relevant politicians’ political and religious ideas have influenced the making process of the religious policy in India. To reach this goal, we apply a qualitative methodology -through a hermeneutic and descriptive approach- to consider the different perspectives of the India’s founding fathers and its most important researchers and policy makers. The article comes to the conclusion that the religious policy displayed by Modi government has reinforced the discussion over the Indian identity regarding two different positions: On the one side, a country which is syncretic and secular; on the other side, a country which is based on the Hinduism supremacy. The aforementioned debate is even more relevant to the national and regional levels due to it may have political and security effects.
In the 2014 national elections, the BJP lead by Narendra Modi could form government for the first time in Indian history without INC support. During his first four years of administration the new government appears to maintain certain continuity with the traditional national goals. Nevertheless his religious policy could be an exception. The aim of this article is to describe in what way the most relevant politicians’ political and religious ideas have influenced the making process of the religious policy in India. To reach this goal, we apply a qualitative methodology -through a hermeneutic and descriptive approach- to consider the different perspectives of the India’s founding fathers and its most important researchers and policy makers. The article comes to the conclusion that the religious policy displayed by Modi government has reinforced the discussion over the Indian identity regarding two different positions: On the one side, a country which is syncretic and secular; on the other side, a country which is based on the Hinduism supremacy. The aforementioned debate is even more relevant to the national and regional levels due to it may have political and security effects.
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