Glaciares de Argentina: Resultados preliminares del Inventario Nacional de Glaciares
; Ferri Hidalgo, Lidia
; Castro, Mariano Agustin
; Gargantini, Hernan
; Giménez, Melisa Mariel
; Pitte, Pedro Miguel
; Ruiz, Lucas Ernesto
; Villalba, Ricardo 
Otros responsables
Fecha
08/2017
Editorial
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Glaciares y Ecosistemas de Montaña
Revista
Revista de Glaciares y Ecosistemas de Montaña
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2519-7649
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Resumen
Los glaciares constituyen reservas hídricas en estado sólido y son componentes cruciales del sistema hidrológico de montaña. A pesar de su importancia, no existía en Argentina información precisa sobre el número, ubicación y tamaño de estos cuerpos de hielo. En el año 2010, se sanciona la Ley 26639 de “Presupuestos Mínimos para la Preservación de los Glaciares y el Ambiente Periglacial”, que tiene como principales objetivos proteger los glaciares considerados como reservas estratégicas de recursos hídricos y crear el Inventario Nacional de Glaciares (ING), donde se individualicen todos los glaciares y geoformas periglaciales que actúan como reservas hídricas con toda la información necesaria para su adecuada protección, control y monitoreo. El inventario y monitoreo del estado de los glaciares y del ambiente periglacial es llevado a cabo por el Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA-CONICET) con la coordinación de la autoridad nacional de aplicación de la ley, el Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable de Argentina (MAyDS). Este inventario se realiza en tres niveles que varían en complejidad y extensión espacial. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados preliminares obtenidos en el primer nivel, que consiste en el mapeo y caracterización de glaciares (descubiertos, cubiertos, manchones de nieve y de escombros) mediante sensores remotos. Estos datos son luego verificados en el campo en sectores seleccionados. Sobre un total de 70 cuencas y subcuencas delimitadas para el inventario se ha avanzado en 64. Hasta febrero de 2017, se han inventariado 15,482 glaciares que cubren una superficie de 5743 km2 .
Glaciers are strategic water reserves in solid state and are crucial components of the hydrological cycle in mountain regions. Despite their importance, there was no precise information on the number, location and size of glaciers in Argentina. In 2010, the National Law 26639 on “Minimum Standards for the Preservation of Glaciers and the Periglacial Environment” was promulgated. Its main objectives are the protection of glaciers, which are considered strategic reserves of water resources, and the development of the National Glacier Inventory to identify glaciers and periglacial geoforms, recording and collecting all the necessary information for their proper protection, control and monitoring. The inventory and monitoring of the condition of glaciers is carried out by the Argentine Institute for Snow, Ice and Environmental Sciences (IANIGLA-CONICET) in collaboration with the Argentine Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development. The inventory is organized in three levels of different complexity and spatial extension. This paper summarizes the preliminary results of level one, which consists in the identification, mapping and characterization of glaciers (clean ice glaciers, debris-covered glaciers, snowfields and rock glaciers) through satellite images. The satellite-based mapping is validated through field campaigns in selected areas. Of the 70 basins and subbasins delimited for the inventory, 64 have been studied. As of February 2017, the number of glacial and periglacial geoforms inventoried amounts to 15,482, covering a total area of 5743 km2.
Glaciers are strategic water reserves in solid state and are crucial components of the hydrological cycle in mountain regions. Despite their importance, there was no precise information on the number, location and size of glaciers in Argentina. In 2010, the National Law 26639 on “Minimum Standards for the Preservation of Glaciers and the Periglacial Environment” was promulgated. Its main objectives are the protection of glaciers, which are considered strategic reserves of water resources, and the development of the National Glacier Inventory to identify glaciers and periglacial geoforms, recording and collecting all the necessary information for their proper protection, control and monitoring. The inventory and monitoring of the condition of glaciers is carried out by the Argentine Institute for Snow, Ice and Environmental Sciences (IANIGLA-CONICET) in collaboration with the Argentine Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development. The inventory is organized in three levels of different complexity and spatial extension. This paper summarizes the preliminary results of level one, which consists in the identification, mapping and characterization of glaciers (clean ice glaciers, debris-covered glaciers, snowfields and rock glaciers) through satellite images. The satellite-based mapping is validated through field campaigns in selected areas. Of the 70 basins and subbasins delimited for the inventory, 64 have been studied. As of February 2017, the number of glacial and periglacial geoforms inventoried amounts to 15,482, covering a total area of 5743 km2.
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