Agricultura Familiar y descampesinización: Nuevos sujetos para el desarrollo rural modernizante.

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Fecha
01/2015
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Revista
Perspectivas Rurales. Nueva época
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1409-3251
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Resumen
Durante la última década, se ha desplegado desde espacios académicos y entidades gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, una profusa referencia al concepto de Agricultura Familiar, concebida como sujeto social agrario que se muestra antagónico a un orden capitalista hegemónico que amplía sus bases en los agro-negocios, y mega-emprendimientos. Este concepto (y aquellos a los cuales se asocia, como pequeño productor, economía doméstica, minifundio, farmer) es fundamental para el análisis de las relaciones sociales y el horizonte político de quienes resisten y se revelan frente a las tendencias impuestas desde las fuerzas del capital en su versión modernizante / desarrollista. Argumentamos que el predominio de la Agricultura Familiar como categoría social, soslaya – y no inocentemente – la que refiere al campesinado. En un contexto donde el mercado capitalista y los Estados sientan las bases para el despliegue de actores que se instauran como fuerzas motrices del desarrollo económico (al tiempo que se generan procesos de exclusión), coexisten formas de organización social ancestrales y no sumisas al orden imperante, que se manifiestan en economías domésticas y economías étnicas, y se fundamentan en el carácter colectivo como constitutivo de lo campesino. Presentamos un abordaje conceptual que posibilitará desarrollar nuestra hipótesis referente a las concepciones e implicaciones de las categorías sociales referidas
During the last decade, it has been deployed from academic spaces, and governmental and nongovernmental, profuse reference to the concept of Family farming entities. Conceived as a social subject land shown as antagonistic to a hegemonic capitalist order extending their bases in agribusiness and mega-enterprises. The concept of family agriculture (and those to which it is associated, as a small producer, housekeeping, small agriculture producers, farmer) is fundamental to the analysis of social relationships, and the political horizon of those who resist and reveal trends imposed against from the forces of capital in its modernizing / developmental version. We argue that the predominance of family agriculture as a social category, ignores - rather naively - that which refers to the peasantry. In a context where the capitalist market and states promote the deployment of actors that are established as driving forces of economic development (while exclusion processes are generated) coexist ancestral forms of social organization, not submissive to order prevailing, that occur in households, ethnic economies and based on the collective nature as constitutive of the peasant. We present a conceptual approach that will enable developing our hypotheses concerning the concepts and implications of the aforementioned social categories
During the last decade, it has been deployed from academic spaces, and governmental and nongovernmental, profuse reference to the concept of Family farming entities. Conceived as a social subject land shown as antagonistic to a hegemonic capitalist order extending their bases in agribusiness and mega-enterprises. The concept of family agriculture (and those to which it is associated, as a small producer, housekeeping, small agriculture producers, farmer) is fundamental to the analysis of social relationships, and the political horizon of those who resist and reveal trends imposed against from the forces of capital in its modernizing / developmental version. We argue that the predominance of family agriculture as a social category, ignores - rather naively - that which refers to the peasantry. In a context where the capitalist market and states promote the deployment of actors that are established as driving forces of economic development (while exclusion processes are generated) coexist ancestral forms of social organization, not submissive to order prevailing, that occur in households, ethnic economies and based on the collective nature as constitutive of the peasant. We present a conceptual approach that will enable developing our hypotheses concerning the concepts and implications of the aforementioned social categories
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