Nuevas preguntas sobre una antigua federación aymara. Algunos aportes en torno a la Federación Qharaqhara (Charcas, siglo XVI)

Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2012
Editorial
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras
Revista
Surandino Monográfico
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1851-9091
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Español
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Resumen
La Federación Qharaqhara constituyó uno de los mayores colectivos políticos del sur andino en el siglo XVI. Este trabajo ofrece una relectura sobre la existencia prehispánica y temprano colonial de algunas entidades que habrían integrado esa federación, tradicionalmente, concebidas como grupos étnicos o jefaturas. A partir de la consulta de las tempranas cédulas de encomienda y documentos del siglo XVI, este artículo propone algunas hipótesis y preguntas que consideramos centrales. Por una parte, afirmamos la posibilidad de que algunos de estos agrupamientos políticos que se presuponen prehispánicos se forjaran durante la dominación colonial europea. En segundo lugar, ofrecemos hipótesis en torno a algunas jefaturas ausentes en los registros documentales más tempranos. Por último, presentamos una reflexión en torno al concepto de "cabecera", en tanto lugar de residencia de las autoridades políticas indígenas.
The Qharaqhara Federation was one of the largest political groups of the Southern Andes during the sixteenth century. This article offers a reinterpretation of the preHispanic and early colonial history of some groups that appear to have integrated that federation, which were traditionally considered as ethnic groups or chiefdoms. Re-reading early “cédulas de encomienda” but also other documents, this article proposes some hypotheses and essential questions. On the one hand, it argues that some of these political entities that have usually been conceived as pre-Hispanic, were actually forged during the early period of European colonial domination. Secondly, it offers hypotheses around some chiefdoms absent in the earlier documentary sources. Finally, it presents new thoughts regarding the concept of “cabecera”, which was a usual place of residence of indigenous political authorities.
The Qharaqhara Federation was one of the largest political groups of the Southern Andes during the sixteenth century. This article offers a reinterpretation of the preHispanic and early colonial history of some groups that appear to have integrated that federation, which were traditionally considered as ethnic groups or chiefdoms. Re-reading early “cédulas de encomienda” but also other documents, this article proposes some hypotheses and essential questions. On the one hand, it argues that some of these political entities that have usually been conceived as pre-Hispanic, were actually forged during the early period of European colonial domination. Secondly, it offers hypotheses around some chiefdoms absent in the earlier documentary sources. Finally, it presents new thoughts regarding the concept of “cabecera”, which was a usual place of residence of indigenous political authorities.
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