Escala de Desesperanza de Beck (BHS): Ventajas de una administración adaptativa
; Sanchez Gonzalez, Juan Franco ; Lozzia, Gabriela Susana
; Attorresi, Horacio Felix Otros responsables
Fecha
04/2021
Editorial
Corporación Universitaria Iberoamericana
Revista
Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología
Título del libro
Nombre del evento
Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
2027-1786
eISSN
2500-6517
ISBN
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Español
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Clasificación temática
Resumen
La escala de Desesperanza de Beck (BHS) es usada con frecuencia como screening para la detección de riesgo suicida y/o depresión aun cuando, por su extensión de 20 ítems, resulta poco eficiente. En este trabajo se analiza si una estrategia de administración adaptativa podría abreviar el tiempo de aplicación de la BHS. Participaron 783 individuos de población general (50.9% mujeres). Se seleccionó aleatoriamente un 70% de los casos para calibrar los ítems con el Modelo Logístico de 2 parámetros de la Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem. Se eliminaron dos elementos que presentaron funcionamiento inadecuado. El 30% restante de la muestra se utilizó para simular una administración adaptativa de los 18 ítems calibrados. Se compararon dos modalidades de interrupción: a) al administrar 9 ítems y b) al alcanzar un error de estimación ≤ 0.35 o administrar 9 ítems (criterio mixto). Bajo ambas condiciones se registraron correlaciones de .95 con el nivel de Desesperanza estimado a partir de los 18 ítems. No obstante, la interrupción basada en el criterio mixto no mostró un impacto adicional en la eficiencia de la medida. Al igual que la versión de 18 ítems, las aplicaciones adaptativas estimaron con más precisión los niveles elevados del rasgo. La medición adaptativa no afectó las evidencias de validez al estudiar la asociación del rasgo con facetas del Neuroticismo y dimensiones sintomatológicas. Se concluye que una administración adaptativa de 9 ítems puede abreviar considerablemente la BHS sin perjudicar la validez y confiabilidad de la medida.
The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) is frequently used as screening for the detection of suicidal risk and/or depression even though, due to its length of 20 items, it is not very efficient. This paper analyzes whether an adaptive management strategy could shorten the application time of the BHS. A total of 783 individuals from the general population (50.9% women) participated. 70% of the cases were randomly selected to calibrate the items with the 2-parameter Logistic Model of Item Response Theory. Two elements that presented improper operation were eliminated. The remaining 30% of the sample was used to simulate an adaptive administration of the 18 calibrated items. Two types of interruption were compared: a) when administering 9 items and b) when reaching an estimation error ≤ 0.35 or administering 9 items (mixed criteria). Under both conditions, correlations of .95 were recorded with the level of Hopelessness estimated from the 18 items. However, the interruption based on the mixed criteria did not show an additional impact on the efficiency of the measure. Like the 18-item version, the adaptive applications more accurately estimated elevated levels of the trait. The adaptive measurement did not affect the evidence of validity when studying the association of the trait with facets of Neuroticism and symptomatological dimensions. It is concluded that an adaptive administration of 9 items can considerably shorten the BHS without impairing the validity and reliability of the measure.
The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) is frequently used as screening for the detection of suicidal risk and/or depression even though, due to its length of 20 items, it is not very efficient. This paper analyzes whether an adaptive management strategy could shorten the application time of the BHS. A total of 783 individuals from the general population (50.9% women) participated. 70% of the cases were randomly selected to calibrate the items with the 2-parameter Logistic Model of Item Response Theory. Two elements that presented improper operation were eliminated. The remaining 30% of the sample was used to simulate an adaptive administration of the 18 calibrated items. Two types of interruption were compared: a) when administering 9 items and b) when reaching an estimation error ≤ 0.35 or administering 9 items (mixed criteria). Under both conditions, correlations of .95 were recorded with the level of Hopelessness estimated from the 18 items. However, the interruption based on the mixed criteria did not show an additional impact on the efficiency of the measure. Like the 18-item version, the adaptive applications more accurately estimated elevated levels of the trait. The adaptive measurement did not affect the evidence of validity when studying the association of the trait with facets of Neuroticism and symptomatological dimensions. It is concluded that an adaptive administration of 9 items can considerably shorten the BHS without impairing the validity and reliability of the measure.
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Excepto donde se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este ítem se describe como by-nc-sa
