Etnobotánica de cactáceas alimenticias y medicinales comercializadas por migrantes de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires

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Fecha
06/2026
Editorial
Sociedad Argentina de Botánica
Revista
Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
0373-580X
eISSN
1851-2372
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Español
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Resumen
Introducción y objetivos: La familia Cactaceae, endémica del continente americano,incluye especies de gran relevancia alimentaria y medicinal estrechamentevinculadas a saberes tradicionales locales, que en la Ciudad Autónoma de BuenosAires (CABA) ingresan principalmente a través de mercados urbanos asociados acomunidades migrantes, particularmente la andina y la china. El objetivo del estudiofue relevar y actualizar el conocimiento botánico urbano asociado a especies deCactaceae y a productos derivados presentes en mercados de migrantes de CABA.M&M: El relevamiento se realizó en dos sitios de estudio principales de CABA:el Mercado Boliviano (barrio de Liniers) y el Barrio Chino (barrio de Belgrano).Dentro de estos dos sitios, se relevaron un total de 23 puntos de expendio (18 en el Mercado Boliviano y 5 en el Barrio Chino), correspondientes a locales quecomercializan plantas frescas y secas.Resultados: Se identificaron cuatro especies de Cactaceae: Airampoa ayrampo,Opuntia ficus-indica, Selenicereus megalanthus y S. undatus. Todas las especiesse encuentran en ambos mercados a excepción del “ayrampo”, exclusivo del MBL.Los usos reportados fueron alimentarios y medicinales. Las fuentes de conocimientocombinaron tradición familiar e internet.Conclusiones: Los mercados de migrantes continúan actuando como nodos clavede ingreso y circulación de Cactáceas en Buenos Aires, donde convergen saberestradicionales y no tradicionales. Las especies registradas constituyen plantas no convencionales en el ámbito urbano.
Introduction and aims: The Cactaceae family, endemic to the American continent, includes species of great food and medicinal importance closely linked to local traditional knowledge, which in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA) are introduced mainly through urban markets associated with migrant communities, particularly Andean and Chinese communities. The objective of the study was to survey and update urban botanical knowledge associated with Cactaceae species and derived products present in migrant markets in CABA. M&M: The survey was conducted at two main study sites in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires: The Bolivian Market (Liniers neighborhood) and Chinatown (Belgrano neighborhood). Within these two sites, a total of 23 points of sale were surveyed (18 in the Bolivian Market and 5 in Chinatown), corresponding to stores that sell fresh and dried plants. Results: Four species of Cactaceae were identified: Airampoa ayrampo, Opuntia ficus-indica, Selenicereus megalanthus, and S. undatus. All species are found in both markets except for “ayrampo,” which is exclusive to the Bolivian Market. The reported uses were food and medicinal. The sources of knowledge combined family tradition and the internet. Conclusions: Migrant markets continue to act as key hubs for the entry and circulation of cacti in Buenos Aires, where traditional and non-traditional knowledge converge. The species recorded are unconventional plants in urban areas and a growing alternative linked to healthy eating practices.
Introduction and aims: The Cactaceae family, endemic to the American continent, includes species of great food and medicinal importance closely linked to local traditional knowledge, which in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA) are introduced mainly through urban markets associated with migrant communities, particularly Andean and Chinese communities. The objective of the study was to survey and update urban botanical knowledge associated with Cactaceae species and derived products present in migrant markets in CABA. M&M: The survey was conducted at two main study sites in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires: The Bolivian Market (Liniers neighborhood) and Chinatown (Belgrano neighborhood). Within these two sites, a total of 23 points of sale were surveyed (18 in the Bolivian Market and 5 in Chinatown), corresponding to stores that sell fresh and dried plants. Results: Four species of Cactaceae were identified: Airampoa ayrampo, Opuntia ficus-indica, Selenicereus megalanthus, and S. undatus. All species are found in both markets except for “ayrampo,” which is exclusive to the Bolivian Market. The reported uses were food and medicinal. The sources of knowledge combined family tradition and the internet. Conclusions: Migrant markets continue to act as key hubs for the entry and circulation of cacti in Buenos Aires, where traditional and non-traditional knowledge converge. The species recorded are unconventional plants in urban areas and a growing alternative linked to healthy eating practices.
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