Primer registro de displasia coxofemoral en un rincosaurio del Triásico superior
; Martínez, Ricardo N. Otros responsables
Fecha
05/2013
Editorial
Asociación Paleontológica Argentina
Revista
Ameghiniana
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ISSN
0002-7014
eISSN
1851-8044
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Español
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Resumen
La paleopatología es la disciplina que se ocupa de enfermedades evidenciadas en el registro fósil. Este campo abarca la identificación de la patología y las consecuencias que la misma pudo dejar en el animal. En este aporte se presenta el hallazgo de displasia coxo- femoral en un rincosaurio del Triásico Superior, el cual constituye la primera identificación de esta patología en el registro fósil. El ejemplar corresponde a un esqueleto incompleto, parcialmente articulado de Hyperodapedon sanjuanensis (Sill) proveniente de la Formación Ischigualasto (Carniano-Noriano). Los rincosaurios son herbívoros de amplia distribución geográfica, escasa diversidad específica y biocrón acotado a afloramientos triásicos. Las anomalías halladas consisten en atrofia de sacro y pelvis, estructuras esclerosadas en algunas vértebras dorsales y deformación del fémur izquierdo. Estos rasgos son característicos de la displasia acetabular en canes actuales. La displasia acetabular es una enfermedad multifactorial que aparece en los estadios tempranos de desarrollo y se acentúa durante toda la vida, desencadenando una osteoartrosis articular secundaria en el adulto y conduciendo a la invalidez total del miembro afectado. El avanzado estado de la enfermedad del ejemplar estudiado indica un andar denominado “claudicación de cuarto grado”, estado en el cual se deja de apoyar el miembro afectado, desplazando el centro de gravedad y cargando el peso del cuerpo sobre las otras patas. Por último, el estado adulto alcanzado por el ejemplar, a pesar de la gravedad de su afección, podría sugerir estrategias de supervivencias complejas en Hyperodapedon sanjuanensis, las cuales podrían ser comprobadas en futuros trabajos.
Paleopathology deals with diseases that have left evidence in the fossil record. This field includes the identification of the pathology, and its consequences that on the animal that suffered it. We present the first record of a coxofemoral dysplasia in an Upper Triassic rhynchosaur, being also the first identification of this pathology in the fossil record. The specimen is an incomplete skeleton, partially articulated, of Hyperodapedon sanjuanensis (Sill), from the Ischigualasto Formation (Carnian–Norian). Rhynchosaurs were herbivores with a widespread geographical distribution, low species diversity and a stratigraphic range restricted to Triassic outcrops. The abnormalities described consist of atrophy of the sacrum and pelvis, sclerosed structures in some dorsal vertebrae, and deformation of the left femur. These features are presently characteristic of acetabular dysplasia in dogs. Acetabular dysplasia is a multifactorial disease appearing in the earliest stages of development and increasing throughout life, triggering a secondary joint osteoarthritis in the adult animal and leading to total disability of the affected limb. The advanced stage of the disease affecting the studied specimen reveals a pace known as “fourth grade claudication”, stage in which the affected limb stops supporting the body-weight, moving the center of gravity and loading the body-weight onto the other legs. Finally, the adult stage reached by the specimen —despite the severity of their condition— may suggest complex survival strategies in Hyperodapedon sanjuanensis, which need confirmation by future analyses.
Paleopathology deals with diseases that have left evidence in the fossil record. This field includes the identification of the pathology, and its consequences that on the animal that suffered it. We present the first record of a coxofemoral dysplasia in an Upper Triassic rhynchosaur, being also the first identification of this pathology in the fossil record. The specimen is an incomplete skeleton, partially articulated, of Hyperodapedon sanjuanensis (Sill), from the Ischigualasto Formation (Carnian–Norian). Rhynchosaurs were herbivores with a widespread geographical distribution, low species diversity and a stratigraphic range restricted to Triassic outcrops. The abnormalities described consist of atrophy of the sacrum and pelvis, sclerosed structures in some dorsal vertebrae, and deformation of the left femur. These features are presently characteristic of acetabular dysplasia in dogs. Acetabular dysplasia is a multifactorial disease appearing in the earliest stages of development and increasing throughout life, triggering a secondary joint osteoarthritis in the adult animal and leading to total disability of the affected limb. The advanced stage of the disease affecting the studied specimen reveals a pace known as “fourth grade claudication”, stage in which the affected limb stops supporting the body-weight, moving the center of gravity and loading the body-weight onto the other legs. Finally, the adult stage reached by the specimen —despite the severity of their condition— may suggest complex survival strategies in Hyperodapedon sanjuanensis, which need confirmation by future analyses.
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