De caídas y lastimaduras: análisis etnopoético de narrativas de experiencia personal en niños argentinos hispanohablantes
; Stein, Alejandra
; Rosemberg, Celia Renata
; Poveda Bicknell, David Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2025
Editorial
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación
Revista
Revista Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
0327-7763
eISSN
2451-5434
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Español
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Resumen
Este estudio analiza el discurso narrativo infantil de experiencia personal en niños argentinos hispanohablantes de 3 a 5 años, considerando sus características estructurales y retóricas desde un enfoque etnopoético y del análisis de estrofas. Se analizaron relatos orales de ciento veinte niños en distintas circunstancias socioeconómicas, obtenidos mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas individuales en sus instituciones educativas. Las narrativas fueron transcritas y segmentadas en unidades terminales, y luego en versos, estrofas y episodios. Los resultados revelan la presencia de tres patrones narrativos: cíclico (49,2%), canónico (30,8%) y asociativo (20%), con predominancia de información evaluativa (46,7%) y descriptiva (37,5%) sobre la cronológica (15,8%). Los niños de 5 años producen los tres patrones en medidas similares, los de menor edad presentan una predominancia del patrón cíclico. Los niños en contextos vulnerabilizados tienden a producir narrativas cíclicas y descriptivas, mientras que aquellos en circunstancias no-vulnerabilizadas producen relatos más canónicos y evaluativos. Este trabajo destaca las particularidades de las narrativas de niños hispanohablantes argentinos, subrayando la necesidad de enfoques situados que consideren el contexto sociocultural de producción narrativa. Estos hallazgos son clave para desarrollar un instrumento de evaluación del discurso narrativo infantil sensible a la diversidad lingüística y cultural de esta población.
This study analyzes children’s narrative discourse of personal experience in Spanishspeaking Argentine children aged 3 to 5 years, considering its structural and rhetorical characteristics from an ethnopoetic approach and stanza analysis. Oral narratives of 120 children in different socioeconomic circumstances, obtained through individual semi-structured interviews in their educational institutions, were analyzed. The narratives were transcribed and segmented into terminal units, and then into verses, stanzas and episodes. The results reveal the presence of three narrative patterns: cyclical (49.2%), canonical (30.8%) and associative (20%), with a predominance of evaluative (46.7%) and descriptive (37.5%) information over chronological (15.8%). Children aged 5 years produce the three patterns in similar measures, while younger children show a predominance of the cyclical pattern. Children in vulnerabilized contexts tend to produce cyclical and descriptive narratives, while those in non-vulnerabilized circumstances produce more canonical and evaluative narratives. This paper highlights the particularities of the narratives of Spanish-speaking Argentine children, underscoring the need for situated approaches that consider the sociocultural context of narrative production. These findings are key to developing an instrument for the assessment of children’s narrative discourse that is sensitive to the linguistic and cultural diversity of this population.
This study analyzes children’s narrative discourse of personal experience in Spanishspeaking Argentine children aged 3 to 5 years, considering its structural and rhetorical characteristics from an ethnopoetic approach and stanza analysis. Oral narratives of 120 children in different socioeconomic circumstances, obtained through individual semi-structured interviews in their educational institutions, were analyzed. The narratives were transcribed and segmented into terminal units, and then into verses, stanzas and episodes. The results reveal the presence of three narrative patterns: cyclical (49.2%), canonical (30.8%) and associative (20%), with a predominance of evaluative (46.7%) and descriptive (37.5%) information over chronological (15.8%). Children aged 5 years produce the three patterns in similar measures, while younger children show a predominance of the cyclical pattern. Children in vulnerabilized contexts tend to produce cyclical and descriptive narratives, while those in non-vulnerabilized circumstances produce more canonical and evaluative narratives. This paper highlights the particularities of the narratives of Spanish-speaking Argentine children, underscoring the need for situated approaches that consider the sociocultural context of narrative production. These findings are key to developing an instrument for the assessment of children’s narrative discourse that is sensitive to the linguistic and cultural diversity of this population.
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