Salivary IgA Correlate With Recurrent Respiratory Infections and Hyperreactivity in Children With Autism
; Sindelar, María Teresa Otros responsables
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2016-12-16
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ACT Publishing Group Limited
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International Journal of Neurology Research
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2313-5611
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Los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) se caracterizan por un deterioro en las interacciones sociales, déficit de comunicación, e intereses y comportamientos restringidos. La evidencia acumulada sugiere que la desregulación del sistema inmune puede estar implicada en la fisiopatología de los TEA. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar si la severidad de los parámetros clínicos y de comportamiento de los niños autistas se asociaba con bajos niveles de IgA secretora (sIgA) en saliva. La hipótesis es que una disminución de la respuesta inmune en los niños con autismo estaría asociada con niveles disminuidos de sIgA, que es el anticuerpo predominante en saliva y un marcador de la inmunidad de la mucosa. Métodos: Las muestras de saliva se obtuvieron de niños de 3-10 años de edad con diagnóstico de TEA y emparejados por edad con niños caucásicos con desarrollo típico, ambos grupos pertenecientes a la región de la Patagonia, Argentina. Resultados y Conclusiones: Los niños autistas con niveles reducidos de sIgA salival tuvieron una mayor incidencia de enfermedades del tracto respiratorio superior en comparación con los controles. La reducción en los niveles de sIgA también se correlacionó inversamente con la gravedad de los trastornos del comportamiento. Los pacientes que presentaron un deterioro más grave en los comportamientos relacionados con el autismo tuvieron los niveles más bajos de sIgA en la cohorte estudiada. Estos hallazgos sugieren que sIgA podría ser un indicador temprano y, posiblemente, un biomarcador de la desregulación del sistema inmune en algunos niños con autismo. La caracterización de los parámetros inmunológicos en TEA tiene implicancia muy importante para la detección de un subgrupo de individuos con TEA, y se debe considerar en el diseño de estrategias terapéuticas para el tratamiento de los síntomas principales y alteraciones del comportamiento de los TEA.
AIM: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by impairment in social interactions, communication deficits, and restricted interests and behaviors. Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulation of the immune system may be involved in the pathophysiology of ASD. The aim of the study was to assess if the severity of clinical and behavioral parameters of autistic children was associated with low levels of secretory IgA (sIgA) in saliva. We hypothesized that a decreased immune response in children with autism would decrease the levels of sIgA, as is the predominant antibody isotype in saliva and a marker of mucosal immunity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Saliva samples were obtained from 3-10 year-old children with ASD and age-matched typically developing Caucasian children from Patagonia region, Argentina.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Autistic children with reduced levels of salivary IgA had a higher incidence of upper respiratory diseases compared to the controls. The reduction in sIgA levels also correlated inversely with the severity of the behavioral disorders. The patients with the most severe impairment in autism-related behaviors has the lowest levels of sIgA in the cohort studied. These findings suggest that sIgA could be an early indicator and possibly a biomarker of the dysregulation of the immune system in some children with autism. The characterization of immunological parameters in ASD has important implications for detection of a subset of individuals with ASD, and should be considered when designing therapeutic strategies to treat core symptoms and behavioral impairments of ASD.
AIM: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by impairment in social interactions, communication deficits, and restricted interests and behaviors. Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulation of the immune system may be involved in the pathophysiology of ASD. The aim of the study was to assess if the severity of clinical and behavioral parameters of autistic children was associated with low levels of secretory IgA (sIgA) in saliva. We hypothesized that a decreased immune response in children with autism would decrease the levels of sIgA, as is the predominant antibody isotype in saliva and a marker of mucosal immunity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Saliva samples were obtained from 3-10 year-old children with ASD and age-matched typically developing Caucasian children from Patagonia region, Argentina.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Autistic children with reduced levels of salivary IgA had a higher incidence of upper respiratory diseases compared to the controls. The reduction in sIgA levels also correlated inversely with the severity of the behavioral disorders. The patients with the most severe impairment in autism-related behaviors has the lowest levels of sIgA in the cohort studied. These findings suggest that sIgA could be an early indicator and possibly a biomarker of the dysregulation of the immune system in some children with autism. The characterization of immunological parameters in ASD has important implications for detection of a subset of individuals with ASD, and should be considered when designing therapeutic strategies to treat core symptoms and behavioral impairments of ASD.
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