El último refugio de la utopía: Horizontes del 1° de Mayo socialista en Argentina en tiempos de guerra y revolución (1914-1921)

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12/2021
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Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Historia
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Historia
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0073-2435
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El artículo tiene como objetivo comprender los cambios operados en la identidad del socialismo argentino de las primeras décadas del siglo XX a partir del ritual del 1º de Mayo en la coyuntura de la Gran Guerra. Se basa en un análisis pormenorizado del órgano de prensa del Partido Socialista y en otras publicaciones que permiten reconstruir los discursos y la simbología desplegada en torno a las conmemoraciones anuales de la fecha. La conclusión a la que se arriba es que, pese al conflicto mundial y las divisiones del socialismo a nivel local e internacional, la coyuntura implicó la revitalización de un horizonte optimista para la causa socialista. Ello se debió tanto al proceso de democratización local que instaló al partido en una posición expectante y estrechó su filiación con un ideal nacional, como a los nuevos sentidos y alcances internacionales que adquirió la idea de revolución en la posguerra.
The article aims to understand the changes that took place in the identity of Argentina socialism in the first decades of the twentieth century from the prism of the ritual of the May Day at the juncture of the Great War. It is based on a detailed analysis of the press organ of the Socialist Party and in other publications that allow us to reconstruct the speeches and the symbols displayed regarding the annual commemorations of that date. The conclusion reached is that, despite the world conflict and the divisions of socialism at the local and international level, the situation implied the revitalization of an optimistic vision of the socialist cause. This was due both to the process of local democratization that installed the party in an expectant position and strengthened its affiliation with a national ideal, as well as to the new meanings and international scope that the idea of revolution acquired in the post-war period.
The article aims to understand the changes that took place in the identity of Argentina socialism in the first decades of the twentieth century from the prism of the ritual of the May Day at the juncture of the Great War. It is based on a detailed analysis of the press organ of the Socialist Party and in other publications that allow us to reconstruct the speeches and the symbols displayed regarding the annual commemorations of that date. The conclusion reached is that, despite the world conflict and the divisions of socialism at the local and international level, the situation implied the revitalization of an optimistic vision of the socialist cause. This was due both to the process of local democratization that installed the party in an expectant position and strengthened its affiliation with a national ideal, as well as to the new meanings and international scope that the idea of revolution acquired in the post-war period.
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