Mujeres migrantes, trabajo y empoderamiento: Bolivianas en una ciudad de la periferia globalizada

Otros responsables
Fecha
04/2016
Editorial
Université Paris VIII
Revista
Amérique latine histoire et mémoire
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Institución organizadora
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eISSN
1777-5175
ISBN
Idioma
Español
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Resumen
La división sexual del trabajo en las sociedades capitalistas introduce un tema de interés, en particular, cuando estamos ante procesos migratorios. Las migrantes latinoamericanas en la Argentina, en los últimos veinte años, provienen, en mayor número, desde Paraguay, Bolivia y Perú, siendo las ciudades el principal destino. Cada colectivo tiene diferentes historias y tipos de inserción laboral. Una primera evidencia es que las mujeres migrantes se orientan al servicio doméstico y a los servicios de cuidado, pero esto no sucede en todos los colectivos. En el caso de las mujeres bolivianas se puede afirmar que tienen, a la vez, especificidad ocupacional y una diversidad de sectores en los cuales se dedican al trabajo productivo. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la capacidad de agencia individual y colectiva en diferentes perfiles de inserción ocupacional desarrollados por mujeres migrantes bolivianas que residen en Comodoro Rivadavia, una ciudad de la Patagonia argentina. Interesa además, conocer en qué medida el trabajo productivo les sirve como medio de empoderamiento en las sociedades locales urbanas, aun cuando se mantienen en la base de la pirámide social
The high level of feminization in the international migration in major cities, both from the North and the South, challenges us to study gender, labor and migration relationships in middle sized cities in the context of globalization, from the perspective of the geography of gender. Comodoro Rivadavia, a Patagonian city linked to the global economy through the oil and fishing industries, is growing rapidly as well as it attracts the new flows, especially the Bolivians. It consists of a familiar migration featured by a gender labor division, with evidences of female empowerment. The agency ability as regards the Bolivian women entry into the market, which shows the differences and the passage from subordination to empowerment positions, is explained in this paper, taking into account their migration paths, analyzed through qualitative techniques. This article deals with, in the first place, the women migration and particularly those of Bolivians, in the Comodoro Rivadavia's migration diversity. Secondly, the three types of women occupation, salaried and precarious as well as workers in fishing industries and in the domestic sector and other merely business entrepreneurs are examined. Finally, the impact of these gender and labor relationships through appropriation of space and everyday mobility within the urban space are questioned in this article.
The high level of feminization in the international migration in major cities, both from the North and the South, challenges us to study gender, labor and migration relationships in middle sized cities in the context of globalization, from the perspective of the geography of gender. Comodoro Rivadavia, a Patagonian city linked to the global economy through the oil and fishing industries, is growing rapidly as well as it attracts the new flows, especially the Bolivians. It consists of a familiar migration featured by a gender labor division, with evidences of female empowerment. The agency ability as regards the Bolivian women entry into the market, which shows the differences and the passage from subordination to empowerment positions, is explained in this paper, taking into account their migration paths, analyzed through qualitative techniques. This article deals with, in the first place, the women migration and particularly those of Bolivians, in the Comodoro Rivadavia's migration diversity. Secondly, the three types of women occupation, salaried and precarious as well as workers in fishing industries and in the domestic sector and other merely business entrepreneurs are examined. Finally, the impact of these gender and labor relationships through appropriation of space and everyday mobility within the urban space are questioned in this article.
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