El sentido en la perspectiva de Luhmann: entre una definición formal y su puesta en forma

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Fecha
12/2016
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Debates en Sociología
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0254-9220
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Este artículo analiza las elaboraciones teóricas y epistemológicas de Luhmann acerca del problema del sentido. El objetivo es rastrear la tensión clave que atraviesa las distintas inflexiones de su mirada entre una definición formal del sentido, con la distinción de la actualidad selectiva y el horizonte de potencialidades, y su puesta en forma, a partir de las operaciones de los sistemas. Para ello, se recorren tres momentos decisivos de su mirada. En primer lugar, se focaliza en su pretensión de conceptualizar al sentido de modo formal y «des-subjetivado», en un juego de herencias y rupturas teóricas. En segundo lugar, se da cuenta de las consecuencias de su propuesta autopoiética, ya sea al señalar al sentido como logro coevolutivo de los sistemas psíquicos y sociales, ya sea en su análisis de la generalización lingüística del sentido. En tercer lugar, en sus últimas obras, con la intensificación de su teoría del observador, se interroga su abordaje del sentido desde la distinción entre medio y forma. Por último, se aúnan las anteriores consideraciones con su teoría de la evolución y diferenciación de la sociedad, a partir de lo cual se reflexiona sobre las particularidades de la construcción conceptual de Luhmann respecto del sentido.
This article analyzes the theoretical and epistemological elaborations of Luhmann about the problem of meaning. Its aim is to trace the key tension that crosses the different inflections of his proposal: between a formal definition of meaning, with the distinction of selective actuality and the horizon of potentialities, and its taking form, parting from the operations of systems. In order to do this, three decisive moments of his perspective are studied. First, the article focuses on his claim to formally conceptualize and to «desubjectivize» meaning, within a series of theoretical inheritances and ruptures. Second, it analyzes the consequences of his autopoietical proposal, either by pointing out meaning as the coevolutionary achievement of psychic and social systems, or in its analysis of the linguistic generalization of meaning. Third, in his later works, with the intensification of his theory of the observer, the article examines his approach to meaning from the distinction between medium and form. Finally, the previous considerations are combined with his theory of evolution and differentiation of society, from which the article reflects on the particularities of the conceptual construction of Luhmann about meaning.
This article analyzes the theoretical and epistemological elaborations of Luhmann about the problem of meaning. Its aim is to trace the key tension that crosses the different inflections of his proposal: between a formal definition of meaning, with the distinction of selective actuality and the horizon of potentialities, and its taking form, parting from the operations of systems. In order to do this, three decisive moments of his perspective are studied. First, the article focuses on his claim to formally conceptualize and to «desubjectivize» meaning, within a series of theoretical inheritances and ruptures. Second, it analyzes the consequences of his autopoietical proposal, either by pointing out meaning as the coevolutionary achievement of psychic and social systems, or in its analysis of the linguistic generalization of meaning. Third, in his later works, with the intensification of his theory of the observer, the article examines his approach to meaning from the distinction between medium and form. Finally, the previous considerations are combined with his theory of evolution and differentiation of society, from which the article reflects on the particularities of the conceptual construction of Luhmann about meaning.
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