A 50 años del golpe de Estado de 1976: Las víctimas de la persecución política en la Argentina: una estimación

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07/2026
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Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento. Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Sociales; Instituto de Desarrollo Económico y Social
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1851-6076
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Este artículo, basado en fuentes primarias y secundarias, documentales y orales, busca trascender el debate sobre el número de personas que continúan en condición de desaparecidas que, desde una mirada reduccionista propone su equivalencia con el total de víctimas de la violencia estatal al incorporar a ese universo a las personas que estuvieron en condición de desaparecidas y fueron liberadas. Pero, también, a quienes fueron blanco de otras formas de victimización: asesinatos, prisión política, exilio político, cesantías e insilio. El artículo se inscribe en una investigación más amplia sobre la magnitud de las víctimas de la violencia estatal en la Argentina en los años setenta y se considera que contribuirá a dar cuenta de la magnitud, siempre aproximada, de las víctimas de delitos de lesa humanidad en ese período en el cual el golpe del 24 de marzo de 1976 supuso un salto cualitativo.
This article, drawing on primary and secondary sources –both documentary and oral– seeks to move beyond the debate regarding the number of people who remain missing; a debate which, from a reductionist perspective, equates this figure with the total number of victims of state violence by including within that total those who were once missing but have since been released. But it also includes those who were the targets of other forms of victimisation: murder, political imprisonment, political exile, dismissal from employment and internal exile. The article forms part of a broader investigation into the scale of victims of state violence in Argentina during the 1970s and is expected to contribute to an account of the scale –always approximate– of victims of crimes against humanity during that period, in which the coup of 24 March 1976 marked a qualitative leap.
This article, drawing on primary and secondary sources –both documentary and oral– seeks to move beyond the debate regarding the number of people who remain missing; a debate which, from a reductionist perspective, equates this figure with the total number of victims of state violence by including within that total those who were once missing but have since been released. But it also includes those who were the targets of other forms of victimisation: murder, political imprisonment, political exile, dismissal from employment and internal exile. The article forms part of a broader investigation into the scale of victims of state violence in Argentina during the 1970s and is expected to contribute to an account of the scale –always approximate– of victims of crimes against humanity during that period, in which the coup of 24 March 1976 marked a qualitative leap.
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