Physical-chemical characterization and potential for frying of genetic potato (Solanum tuberosum) materials
; Rodriguez, Silvia del Carmen ; Zaccari, Fernanda Otros responsables
Fecha
08/2020
Editorial
Universidad Autónoma Chapingo
Revista
Chapingo. Serie Horticultura
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ISSN
2007-4034
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Español
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Resumen
os programas de mejoramiento genético deben considerar, además de los aspectos agronómicos (rendimiento, ciclo del cultivo, resistencia a enfermedades y plagas, entre otros), aspectos vinculados con la aptitud de uso y la calidad del producto final, ya que de ellos depende la aceptación por parte de los consumidores. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar 24 materiales genéticos de papa (Solanum tuberosum), considerados promisorios para la obtención de fritura, y un testigo comercial a partir de parámetros de calidad física (contenido de materia seca, gravedad específica y color) y química (polifenoles totales, capacidad antioxidante total y actividad de la polifenol oxidasa). Se encontraron diferencias en el contenido de materia seca, donde tres materiales genéticos (07032.3, 10025.1 y 07062.1), con valores menores 20 %, no serían aptos para la obtención de fritura, sino para cocción. La gravedad específica fue similar entre los materiales genéticos, demostrando ser un parámetro no tan estricto para la selección como lo es el contenido de materia seca. Se observaron diferencias en la actividad de la polifenol oxidasa (2.1 a 101.43 U∙gproteína -1 en peso seco [PS]) y el color de la fritura. Del total de materiales analizados, 10 son promisorios para la fritura, mientras que los restantes presentan problemas de bajo contenido de materia seca (15.5 a 17.19 %), alta actividad de la polifenol oxidasa (> 45 U∙gproteína -1 en PS) y color no dorado u oscuro, que los haría menos atractivos tanto para la industria como para los consumidores.
Breeding programs should consider, in addition to agronomic aspects (yield, crop cycle, resistance to diseases and pests, among others), aspects related to suitability for use and quality of the final product, since consumer acceptance depends on them. Therefore, the objective of this research was to characterize 24 potato (Solanum tuberosum) genetic materials, considered promising for frying, and a commercial control based on physical (dry matter content, specific gravity and color) and chemical (total polyphenols, total antioxidant capacity and polyphenol oxidase activity) quality parameters. Differences were found in dry matter content, where three genetic materials (07032.3, 10025.1 and 07062.1), with values less than 20 %, would not be suitable for frying, but for cooking. Specific gravity was similar among genetic materials, proving to be a parameter not as strict for selection as dry matter content. Differences were observed in polyphenol oxidase activity (2.1 to 101.43 Ugprotein -1 in dry weight [DW]) and frying color. Of all materials analyzed, 10 are promising for frying, while the rest have problems with low dry matter content (15.5 to 17.19 %), high polyphenol oxidase activity (> 45 U gprotein -1 in DW) and non-golden or dark color, which would make them less attractive to both industry and consumers.
Breeding programs should consider, in addition to agronomic aspects (yield, crop cycle, resistance to diseases and pests, among others), aspects related to suitability for use and quality of the final product, since consumer acceptance depends on them. Therefore, the objective of this research was to characterize 24 potato (Solanum tuberosum) genetic materials, considered promising for frying, and a commercial control based on physical (dry matter content, specific gravity and color) and chemical (total polyphenols, total antioxidant capacity and polyphenol oxidase activity) quality parameters. Differences were found in dry matter content, where three genetic materials (07032.3, 10025.1 and 07062.1), with values less than 20 %, would not be suitable for frying, but for cooking. Specific gravity was similar among genetic materials, proving to be a parameter not as strict for selection as dry matter content. Differences were observed in polyphenol oxidase activity (2.1 to 101.43 Ugprotein -1 in dry weight [DW]) and frying color. Of all materials analyzed, 10 are promising for frying, while the rest have problems with low dry matter content (15.5 to 17.19 %), high polyphenol oxidase activity (> 45 U gprotein -1 in DW) and non-golden or dark color, which would make them less attractive to both industry and consumers.
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