Prácticas tecnológicas en Puesto El Frío. Un campamento de cazadores-recolectores del Holoceno tardío en la meseta central de Santa Cruz
; Cueto, Manuel Enrique
; Skarbun, Fabiana
; Paunero, Rafael Otros responsables
Fecha
09/2025
Editorial
Sociedad Argentina de Antropología
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ISSN
0325-2221
eISSN
1852-1479
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Español
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Resumen
Analizamos las prácticas tecnológicas de las sociedades cazadoras-recolectoras que habitaron el sitio al aire libre Puesto El Frío (localidad arqueológica La María, Santa Cruz) durante el Holoceno tardío. Estudiamos el material lítico de superficie y estratigrafía, considerando aspectos vinculados a la formación del registro. Estos grupos aplicaron distintos planes para manufacturar herramientas. Gestionaron rocas de distinta procedencia, obteniendo por diversos mecanismos rocas silíceas localmente y otras, como obsidiana, de lugares más alejados. Las actividades de talla reiteran una estructuración del paisaje registrada para La María, donde el descortezamiento se realizó en las canteras, mientras que en el sitio se desarrolló principalmente la talla de núcleos y la formatización final de artefactos. Implementaron variadas técnicas, principalmente con baja inversión de trabajo, aunque algunos artefactos requirieron más trabajo y/o conservación, como bifaces y puntas de proyectil. Así, confeccionaron un conjunto de herramientas para realizar múltiples actividades, que remiten a sitios de acampe.
We analyze the technological practices of hunter-gatherer societies that inhabited the open-air site of Puesto El Frío (La María Archaeological Locality, Santa Cruz) during the Late Holocene. Our study focuses on both surface and stratigraphic stone assemblages, considering factors related to the formation of the archaeological record. These groups applied different strategies for tool production, managing rocks from various sources. They acquired the raw material through different mechanisms: siliceous stones were obtained locally while obsidian came from more distant locations. Knapping activities reflect a structured use of the landscape observed in the locality: decortication was performed at nearby quarries, whereas core reduction and final tool shaping took place at the site. A variety of techniques were employed, mostly involving low labor investment, although some artifacts –such as bifaces and projectile points– required greater work and/or conservation. In this way, a toolkit was produced for multiple tasks associated with campsite activities.
We analyze the technological practices of hunter-gatherer societies that inhabited the open-air site of Puesto El Frío (La María Archaeological Locality, Santa Cruz) during the Late Holocene. Our study focuses on both surface and stratigraphic stone assemblages, considering factors related to the formation of the archaeological record. These groups applied different strategies for tool production, managing rocks from various sources. They acquired the raw material through different mechanisms: siliceous stones were obtained locally while obsidian came from more distant locations. Knapping activities reflect a structured use of the landscape observed in the locality: decortication was performed at nearby quarries, whereas core reduction and final tool shaping took place at the site. A variety of techniques were employed, mostly involving low labor investment, although some artifacts –such as bifaces and projectile points– required greater work and/or conservation. In this way, a toolkit was produced for multiple tasks associated with campsite activities.
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