El retorno de los bárbaros: Fronteras semióticas y desmitificación de complejos culturales en la figura del vikingo

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12/2016
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Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Lenguas
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Revista de Literaturas y Culturas Comparadas
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2591-3883
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A través de una genealogía alrededor de “lo bárbaro”, ciertas textualidades visibilizan una topología que manifiestan las fronteras de aquello que es enunciable o no, en torno a la supuesta existencia de un tipo particular de prehombres que habitan en una (des)organización cultural y en un mundo salvaje: figuras de la barbarie que dan cuenta de un intento de ordenamiento, de una lucha contra la entropía y lo caótico y de un mecanismo de racionalización de un Otro cultural que deriva en una problemática intercultural aún vigente en ciertos textos de la contemporaneidad. En el presente trabajo, nos interesamos por abordar sus representaciones contemporáneas, mediante una de sus modelizaciones más recurrentes: el vikingo. Pero, ¿por qué un texto cultural como el vikingo sigue vigente aun siglos después? ¿Qué subjetividades se entretejen a partir de ciertas recurrencias, repeticiones y refracciones que revitalizan un atavismo y una barbarie (algo que “titila irracionalmente”) en el humano en apariencia civilizado? ¿Cuál es la fractura semiótica que inscribe una diferencia en cuanto al tratamiento de un Otro “salvaje” que se vuelve visible en algunas de enunciación actual? En sede semiótico-cultural, entendemos que es posible arrojar luz a estos interrogantes partiendo del modo en que, por medio de ciertas operaciones semióticas, se transforman y seleccionan significaciones que definen a la alteridad, al formular un mapa de sentido en torno a una construcción semiótica del vikingo. En este sentido, en sus diversas representaciones actuales, podremos visibilizar un tropo producto de una amalgama de sentidos e imaginarios que manifiesta figuras situadas al margen de la civilización: una construcción mítica poliacentuada que entreteje con los grandes problemas de la cultura occidental y corporiza un imaginario capaz de reelaborar, reterritorializar y traducir nuevas lecturas de la oposición identidad/alteridad a través de un proceso de integración textual.
Through a genealogy of "the barbarian", certain textualities make visible a topology that shows the boundaries of what is expressible or not about the alleged existence of a particular type of pre-men living in an (un)cultural and wild world: figures of the barbaric that reflect an attempt at ordering, a struggle against entropy and chaos and a mechanism of rationalization of a cultural-Other, resulting in intercultural problems still existing in some contemporary texts. In this paper, we are interested in addressing their contemporary representations, through one of its most recurrent modelization: the Viking. But, why does a cultural text as the Viking remain even centuries later? What subjectivities are woven from certain recurrences, repetitions and refractions that revitalize an atavism and barbarity in apparently civilized humans? Which semiotics fracture inscribes a difference on the treatment of the “wild” other that becomes visible in some current enunciations? In the field of cultural semiotics, we understand that it is possible to shed light on these questions based on how, through certain semiotic operations, meanings are transformed and selected, defining otherness and formulating a map of senses around a Viking construction. Thus, in its various present representations, we can visualize a trope produced by an amalgam of senses and imaginaries that manifest figures located outside civilization: that is, a polyaccented and mythical construction that interweaves with the great problems of Western culture and embodies an imaginary capable of reworking and translating new readings that reterritorialize the opposition identity/otherness through a process of textual integration.
Through a genealogy of "the barbarian", certain textualities make visible a topology that shows the boundaries of what is expressible or not about the alleged existence of a particular type of pre-men living in an (un)cultural and wild world: figures of the barbaric that reflect an attempt at ordering, a struggle against entropy and chaos and a mechanism of rationalization of a cultural-Other, resulting in intercultural problems still existing in some contemporary texts. In this paper, we are interested in addressing their contemporary representations, through one of its most recurrent modelization: the Viking. But, why does a cultural text as the Viking remain even centuries later? What subjectivities are woven from certain recurrences, repetitions and refractions that revitalize an atavism and barbarity in apparently civilized humans? Which semiotics fracture inscribes a difference on the treatment of the “wild” other that becomes visible in some current enunciations? In the field of cultural semiotics, we understand that it is possible to shed light on these questions based on how, through certain semiotic operations, meanings are transformed and selected, defining otherness and formulating a map of senses around a Viking construction. Thus, in its various present representations, we can visualize a trope produced by an amalgam of senses and imaginaries that manifest figures located outside civilization: that is, a polyaccented and mythical construction that interweaves with the great problems of Western culture and embodies an imaginary capable of reworking and translating new readings that reterritorialize the opposition identity/otherness through a process of textual integration.
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