Renovación pedagógica y acción gremial docente en el ámbito rural. La trayectoria de Oscar Álvarez y la Asociación de Maestros Nacionales de Santa Fe (1919-1935)

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07/2016
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Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación
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Revista IRICE
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0327-392X
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En las décadas de 1920 y 1930 la educación primaria en las zonas rurales se fue convirtiendo en una de las mayores actividades y preocupaciones del Consejo Nacional de Educación, al cual se le había conferido jurisdicción en el territorio de las provincias a partir de lo dispuesto por la Ley Nº 4874. Estas escuelas tuvieron, además de su función educativa, una tarea social creciente, para la cual no siempre estuvieron formados ni preparados sus maestros. El magisterio atravesó, en el mismo período, coyunturas desfavorables en el plano laboral que condujeron a su organización gremial, incluso, en algunas zonas rurales. En este artículo se analiza la experiencia pedagógica y gremial emprendida por Oscar del Rosario Álvarez, director de una escuela primaria rural creada por el Consejo Nacional de Educación en la jurisdicción de la ciudad de Casilda, provincia de Santa Fe. Se trata de un actor clave tanto por las innovaciones que realizó, así como las repercusiones sociales de su obra y de su actuación pública. En esta combinación de facetas se percibe la confluencia del normalismo en el cual se formó, de sus ideas socialistas y de su compromiso con el particular gremialismo docente de esa época, que combinaba la lucha por las reivindicaciones laborales con las expectativas de participación en la transformación del sistema y las prácticas educacionales.
In the 1920s and 1930s, primary education in rural areas became one of the major activities and concerns of the National Council of Education, which had been granted jurisdiction in the territory of the provinces, under the provisions of Law No. 4874. These schools had, in addition to their educational function, a growing social task, for which their teachers were not always trained or prepared. During the same period, teachers went through unfavorable conjunctures in the labor field that led to their union organization, even in some rural areas. This article analyzes the pedagogical and union experience undertaken by Oscar del Rosario Álvarez, director of a rural primary school created by the National Council of Education in the jurisdiction of the city of Casilda, province of Santa Fe. He is a key figure both for the innovations he made, as well as the social repercussions of his work and his public performance. In this combination of facets, we can see the confluence of the normalism in which he was formed, his socialist ideas and his commitment to the particular teachers’ guild of that time, which combined the struggle for labor demands with the expectations of participation in the transformation of the system and educational practices.
In the 1920s and 1930s, primary education in rural areas became one of the major activities and concerns of the National Council of Education, which had been granted jurisdiction in the territory of the provinces, under the provisions of Law No. 4874. These schools had, in addition to their educational function, a growing social task, for which their teachers were not always trained or prepared. During the same period, teachers went through unfavorable conjunctures in the labor field that led to their union organization, even in some rural areas. This article analyzes the pedagogical and union experience undertaken by Oscar del Rosario Álvarez, director of a rural primary school created by the National Council of Education in the jurisdiction of the city of Casilda, province of Santa Fe. He is a key figure both for the innovations he made, as well as the social repercussions of his work and his public performance. In this combination of facets, we can see the confluence of the normalism in which he was formed, his socialist ideas and his commitment to the particular teachers’ guild of that time, which combined the struggle for labor demands with the expectations of participation in the transformation of the system and educational practices.
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