¿Historia de dos congresos? Cambios y continuidades en el funcionamiento del Congreso Argentino bajo el gobierno de Cambiemos
; Cherny, Nicolas 
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Fecha
12/2020
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigación y Formación en Administración Pública
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Administración Pública y Sociedad
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2524-9568
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La literatura sobre el Congreso argentino ha sostenido que su agenda y dinámica de funcionamiento dependen de los dictados de los líderes políticos provinciales, que controlan las carreras políticas de los legisladores, y del Presidente, que controla los recursos fiscales con que se financian los gobiernos provinciales. Por ello, el Congreso se ha caracterizado por la baja fragmentación, la alta disciplina partidaria y una clara división gobierno-oposición, que han resultado en sostenidas tasas de éxito del Ejecutivo y control de la agenda por la mayoría o pluralidad. Sin embargo, el funcionamiento del Congreso bajo el gobierno de coalición minoritaria de Cambiemos sugiere lo contrario: hay más fragmentación, menos disciplina, menor claridad en la división gobierno-oposición, menor agenda y menos éxito del Ejecutivo. ¿Significa esto que la dinámica del Congreso tal como se conoció hasta ahora ha cambiado? Este artículo argumenta que ello no es el caso, pues en otros períodos con presidentes minoritarios y fragmentación relativamente más alta hubo similares problemas para agendar, sesionar y aprobar proyectos de ley.
The literature on the Argentine Congress has contended that its agenda and working dynamics depend on the instructions from provincial political leaders, who control the political careers of legislators, and from the President, who controls the fiscal resources with which provincial governments finance themselves. Accordingly, Congress has been characterized by low fragmentation, high party discipline, and a clear divide between government and opposition, which have resulted in sustained success rates for the Executive's legislation, and agenda control by the majority or plurality party. However, the working of Congress under the minority coalition government of Cambiemos suggests the opposite: more fragmentation, less discipline, less clarity in the government-opposition cleavage, a smaller agenda, and less legislative success for the Executive. Does this mean that the dynamics of Congress as we hitherto knew it has changed? This article argues that is not the case, because in other periods with minority presidents and relatively high legislative fragmentation there were similar problems for agenda setting, meeting, and passing bills.
The literature on the Argentine Congress has contended that its agenda and working dynamics depend on the instructions from provincial political leaders, who control the political careers of legislators, and from the President, who controls the fiscal resources with which provincial governments finance themselves. Accordingly, Congress has been characterized by low fragmentation, high party discipline, and a clear divide between government and opposition, which have resulted in sustained success rates for the Executive's legislation, and agenda control by the majority or plurality party. However, the working of Congress under the minority coalition government of Cambiemos suggests the opposite: more fragmentation, less discipline, less clarity in the government-opposition cleavage, a smaller agenda, and less legislative success for the Executive. Does this mean that the dynamics of Congress as we hitherto knew it has changed? This article argues that is not the case, because in other periods with minority presidents and relatively high legislative fragmentation there were similar problems for agenda setting, meeting, and passing bills.
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