Falla de tanques de acero durante su construcción: experimentos y modelación computacional

Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2014
Editorial
Universidad de Puerto Rico
Revista
Revista Internacional de Desastres Naturales, Accidentes e Infraestructura Civil
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Nombre del evento
Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
1535-0088
eISSN
1936-1483
ISBN
Idioma
Español
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Clasificación temática
Palabras clave
Resumen
La construcción de tanques de acero destinados al almacenamiento de petróleo plantea un estado de solicitaciones frente a la acción de viento que no está contemplado en las normativas. En la Patagonia Argentina, como en otros lugares reportados en la bibliografía, se han registrado casos de colapso de este tipo de estructuras durante la etapa constructiva a moderadas velocidades de viento. Estudios numéricos anteriores condujeron a determinar como factor desencadenante del mecanismo de colapso, la falta de integridad estructural por las irregularidades en la continuidad del apoyo en el sentido circunferencial. Un mayor conocimiento del comportamiento fluido-dinámico del viento permite ajustar las acciones actuantes usadas en el abordaje del estudio numérico. Este trabajo completa el análisis de tanques no anclados que colapsaron por acción del viento durante su etapa constructiva evaluando el patrón del flujo interior en los tanques mediante ensayos en túnel de viento, incluyendo estos resultados en el estudio numérico. La estructura se modela por elementos finitos mediante un código de propósitos generales, evaluando la inestabilidad del equilibrio mediante un análisis de bifurcación lineal (LBA) y análisis no lineal geométrico con imperfecciones (GNIA). Los ensayos permitieron determinar la formación de un vórtice interior que produce una depresión mayor que el de la estela a sotavento del tanque.
During the construction of steel storage oil tanks, a state of stresses under wind loads is induced which is not covered by the regulations. Cases of collapse of such structures during their construction occurred in Patagonia Argentina and elsewhere under moderate wind speeds, as reported in the literature. Previous numerical studies concentrated on the identification of the collapse mechanism, which was related to the loss of structural integrity due to discontinuity of the support in the circumferential direction. An increased knowledge of the fluid dynamic behavior under wind allows obtaining an improved input used in the subsequent numerical study. This paper provides new insight into the wind behavior of unanchored tanks that collapsed during their construction by wind tunnel tests to evaluate the flow pattern inside the tanks, which is an input for the subsequent numerical study. The structure is modeled using a general purpose finite element code, in which instability is evaluated by Linear Bifurcation Analysis (LBA) and by Geometrically Nonlinear Analysis with Imperfections (GNIA). Tests allowed identifying that an inner vortex is induced which produces a greater depression than the downwind wake in the leeward region of the tank.
During the construction of steel storage oil tanks, a state of stresses under wind loads is induced which is not covered by the regulations. Cases of collapse of such structures during their construction occurred in Patagonia Argentina and elsewhere under moderate wind speeds, as reported in the literature. Previous numerical studies concentrated on the identification of the collapse mechanism, which was related to the loss of structural integrity due to discontinuity of the support in the circumferential direction. An increased knowledge of the fluid dynamic behavior under wind allows obtaining an improved input used in the subsequent numerical study. This paper provides new insight into the wind behavior of unanchored tanks that collapsed during their construction by wind tunnel tests to evaluate the flow pattern inside the tanks, which is an input for the subsequent numerical study. The structure is modeled using a general purpose finite element code, in which instability is evaluated by Linear Bifurcation Analysis (LBA) and by Geometrically Nonlinear Analysis with Imperfections (GNIA). Tests allowed identifying that an inner vortex is induced which produces a greater depression than the downwind wake in the leeward region of the tank.
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