¿Qué parte del alma es "τῶν φαύλων τι ἐν ἡμῖν” en Rep. 10.603а7-8?

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02/2025
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Universidad Nacional del Litoral
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1666-485X
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1668-723X
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La mención de "algo de lo ruin en nosotros” (τῶν φαύλων τι ἐν ἡμῖν) en Rep. 10.60327-8 ha sido mayoritariamente entendida, con base en la división tripartita del alma en el Libro 4 de la República, como una referencia a lo ἐπιθυμητικόν del alma, o bien, a lo ἐπιθυμητικόν γy 1ο θυμοειδές, en tanto aspectos irracionales del alma. Según esta línea exegética, la parte concuspiciente -o bien, la concuspiciente y la irascible-incluiría, de acuerdo a los desarrollos en Rep. 10.602c4-606d7, no solo los apetitos, como en el tratamiento Libro 4, sino también una cierta capacidad de juicio en relación con la sensopercepción, además de emociones desbordadas del alma. En esta interpretación, "algo de lo ruin en nosotros" pareciera ser entonces un conjunto heterogéneo de elementos psíquicos de características diversas, aglutinados en la parte concuspiciente. Me propongo mostrar aquí que "algo de lo ruin en nosotros" refiere, centralmente, a la corrupción de lo λογιστικόν por un mal uso de esta parte del alma, y en forma derivada a esos otros aspectos del alma que pueden distorsionar los juicios de la razón y su buen funcionamiento, tales como no solo los apetitos, sino también las percepciones sensibles -sobre todo las que son engañosasy los estados emocionales disruptivos.
The mention of'something ofthe base in us' (τῶν φαύλων τι ἐν ἡμῖν) at Rep. 10.603a7-8 has been mostly understood, on the basis ofthe tripartite division ofthe soul in Book 4 ofthe Republic, as referring to the ἐπιθυμητικόν ofthe soul, or, alternatively, to the ἐπιθυμητικόν and the θυμοειδές, asirrational aspects ofthe soul. According to this exegetical line, the appetitive part -or rather, the appetitive and the spirited- would include, according to the developments at Rep. 10.602c4-606d7, not only the appetites, as inthe treatment Book 4, but also a certain capacity ofjudgement in relation to sensoperception, as well as overflowing emotions of the soul. In this interpretation 'something ofthe base in us' seems then to be a heterogeneous set of psychic elements of diverse characteristics, agglutinated in the appetitive part. I intend to show here that 'something ofthe base in us' refers, centrally, to the corruption ofthe λογιστικόν by a misuse of this part ofthe soul, and derivatively to those other aspects of the soul that can distort the judgements of reason and its properfunctioning, such as not only the appetites, but also sensitive perceptions -especially those that are deceptiveas well as disruptive emotional states.
The mention of'something ofthe base in us' (τῶν φαύλων τι ἐν ἡμῖν) at Rep. 10.603a7-8 has been mostly understood, on the basis ofthe tripartite division ofthe soul in Book 4 ofthe Republic, as referring to the ἐπιθυμητικόν ofthe soul, or, alternatively, to the ἐπιθυμητικόν and the θυμοειδές, asirrational aspects ofthe soul. According to this exegetical line, the appetitive part -or rather, the appetitive and the spirited- would include, according to the developments at Rep. 10.602c4-606d7, not only the appetites, as inthe treatment Book 4, but also a certain capacity ofjudgement in relation to sensoperception, as well as overflowing emotions of the soul. In this interpretation 'something ofthe base in us' seems then to be a heterogeneous set of psychic elements of diverse characteristics, agglutinated in the appetitive part. I intend to show here that 'something ofthe base in us' refers, centrally, to the corruption ofthe λογιστικόν by a misuse of this part ofthe soul, and derivatively to those other aspects of the soul that can distort the judgements of reason and its properfunctioning, such as not only the appetites, but also sensitive perceptions -especially those that are deceptiveas well as disruptive emotional states.
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