Aim for the readers! Bromodomains as new targets against Chagas` disease

Abstract

Bromodomains recognize and bind acetyl-lysine residues present in histone and non-histone proteins in a specific manner. Inthe last decade they have raised as attractive target for drug discovery because the miss-regulation of human bromodomains was discovered tobe involved in the development of a large spectrum of diseases..However, targeting eukaryotic pathogens bromodomains continues to bealmost unexplored. We and others have reported the essentiality of diverse bromodomain-containing proteins in protozoa, offering a newopportunity for the development of antiparasitic drugs, especially for Trypansoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas? disease. Mammalianbromodomains were classified in eight groups based on sequence similarity but parasitic bromodomains are very divergent proteins and ishard to assign them to any of these groups, suggesting that selective inhibitors can be obtained. In this review we describe the importance oflysine acetylation and bromodomains in T. cruzi as well as the current knowledge on mammalian bromodomains. Also, we summarize themyriad of small-molecules under study to treat different pathologies and which of them have been tested in trypanosomatids and otherprotozoa. All the information available led us to propose that T. cruzi bromodomains should be considered as important potential targetsand the search for small-molecules to inhibit them should be empowered.