Nuevas alternativas de reactores catalíticos para la industria de procesos: Aplicación de un reactor de membrana a la hidrogenación selectiva de un corte C4s

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2018-03-28
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Se desarrolló un reactor de membrana catalítica (CMR) a fin de intensificar la hidrogenación selectiva de 1-butino en presencia de 1-buteno. El mismo opera en forma discontinua para la fase líquida y continua para el H2. La reacción se llevó a cabo en fase líquida, a 44 ºC y con presiones parciales de hidrógeno en el rango de 1 a 5 bar. La construcción del CMR se realizó a partir de impregnar una membrana cerámica comercial con el metal catalíticamente activo, Pd. Los resultados experimentales alcanzados se compararon con los obtenidos en un reactor de lecho fijo convencional, que utiliza pastillas enteras de un catalizador comercial tipo egg-shell, y un microreactor, que emplea el mismo catalizador comercial molido. El sistema desarrollado presenta una alta actividad y selectividad, comparables a los valores intrínsecos del catalizador comercial, resultando, ambos parámetros, notablemente superiores a los obtenidos para el catalizador comercial empleando su tamaño original. Se obtuvieron los parámetros cinéticos de la hidrogenación de 1-butino a partir de la regresión de los datos experimentales.
A catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) was developed in order to enhance the selectivity in the hydrogenation of 1-butyne in the presence of 1-butene. The operation was batch for liquid phase and continuous for H2. The reaction was carried out in liquid phase, at 44 °C, and partial pressures of hydrogen in the range of 1 to 5 bar. The construction of the CMR was carried out by impregnating a commercial ceramic membrane with Pd. Experimental results were compared with those obtained in a conventional fixed bed reactor, using a commercial catalyst of egg-shell type in its original size, and a microreactor, which uses the same commercial catalyst milled. The CMR presents a high activity and selectivity, comparable to the intrinsic values of the commercial catalyst. Both parameters are higher than those obtained for the commercial catalyst using its original size. Kinetic parameters for the hydrogenation of 1-butyne were obtained from the regression of the experimental data.
A catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) was developed in order to enhance the selectivity in the hydrogenation of 1-butyne in the presence of 1-butene. The operation was batch for liquid phase and continuous for H2. The reaction was carried out in liquid phase, at 44 °C, and partial pressures of hydrogen in the range of 1 to 5 bar. The construction of the CMR was carried out by impregnating a commercial ceramic membrane with Pd. Experimental results were compared with those obtained in a conventional fixed bed reactor, using a commercial catalyst of egg-shell type in its original size, and a microreactor, which uses the same commercial catalyst milled. The CMR presents a high activity and selectivity, comparable to the intrinsic values of the commercial catalyst. Both parameters are higher than those obtained for the commercial catalyst using its original size. Kinetic parameters for the hydrogenation of 1-butyne were obtained from the regression of the experimental data.
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