Saberes pulsados por la guerra: una revisión del corpus foucaulteano alrededor de la politicidad de la actividad experta

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Fecha
04/2023
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Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad
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Astrolabio
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1668-7515
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Resumen
En las últimas décadas, se ha consolidado un campo de estudios alrededor de la expertise que articula enfoques y programas de investigación heterogéneos, según los modos de conceptualizar la relación entre ciencia y política, saber y poder, de fijar sus conexiones y de determinar el nivel del análisis para su abordaje. El corpus foucaulteano contiene herramientas analíticas fructíferas para el tratamiento sustantivo de la politicidad inherente a los saberes, al cuestionar las lecturas instrumentales de aquella relación e inscribir la actividad especializada en estrategias de gobierno y en formas de resistencia hacia ellas. Sin embargo, las conceptualizaciones del saber experto desde una matriz foucaulteana registran cierta dispersión y, pese al avance de los estudios sobre gubernamentalidad en este aspecto, la ausencia de una reflexión sobre la categoría de expertise introduce el riesgo de que en estos análisis se establezca una cuestionable relación de coherencia y correspondencia entre saberes y racionalidades de gobierno. En este artículo, nos proponemos revisar el corpus foucaulteano y sistematizar otras claves de lectura sobre los saberes y su condición política, a fin de aportar con ello al campo de estudios sobre expertise. Examinamos la hipótesis de la guerra, mostramos su pulso en el ejercicio de saber y ponemos en juego estas coordenadas analíticas en un pequeño trabajo de archivo sobre una serie documental de textos de Hayek, a propósito de la articulación de la racionalidad neoliberal de gobierno.
In recent decades, a field of studies has built up around expertise, which articulates various research perspectives and programs according to the ways of conceptualizing the relationship between science and politics, knowledge and power, of determining connections between them and the level of analysis for its approach. The Foucaultean corpus contains fruitful analytical tools for the substantive approach of the inherent politicality of knowledge, by questioning the instrumental readings of that relationship and including the activity of specialists in government strategies and in forms of resistance towards these strategies. However, the conceptualizations of expert knowledge from a Foucaultean matrix show some dispersion and, despite the progress of governmentality studies on this issue, the absence of reflection on the category of “expertise” introduces the risk that these analyzes may lead to a questionable relationship of coherence and correspondence between knowledge and governmental rationalities. Within the fields that study expertise, in this article we review the Foucaultean corpus and systematize other ways to discuss knowledge and its political condition. We examine the “war hypothesis”, we show its pulse when we create knowledge and we put these analytical categories into play in a small archival work on a documentary series of texts by Hayek, about the articulation of the neoliberal rationality of government. Methodologically, the corpus and the analysis of the texts used a cross section between an instrumental translation of such categories and a materialist perspective of discourse.
In recent decades, a field of studies has built up around expertise, which articulates various research perspectives and programs according to the ways of conceptualizing the relationship between science and politics, knowledge and power, of determining connections between them and the level of analysis for its approach. The Foucaultean corpus contains fruitful analytical tools for the substantive approach of the inherent politicality of knowledge, by questioning the instrumental readings of that relationship and including the activity of specialists in government strategies and in forms of resistance towards these strategies. However, the conceptualizations of expert knowledge from a Foucaultean matrix show some dispersion and, despite the progress of governmentality studies on this issue, the absence of reflection on the category of “expertise” introduces the risk that these analyzes may lead to a questionable relationship of coherence and correspondence between knowledge and governmental rationalities. Within the fields that study expertise, in this article we review the Foucaultean corpus and systematize other ways to discuss knowledge and its political condition. We examine the “war hypothesis”, we show its pulse when we create knowledge and we put these analytical categories into play in a small archival work on a documentary series of texts by Hayek, about the articulation of the neoliberal rationality of government. Methodologically, the corpus and the analysis of the texts used a cross section between an instrumental translation of such categories and a materialist perspective of discourse.
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