Helechos y licofitas del sudeste del Sistema de Tandilia (Buenos Aires, Argentina): composición, afinidad biogeográfica y patrones de diversidad ecológica
; O Connor, Tomás
; Burgos Herrera, Gonzalo ; Wraage, Carolina Pía
; Suarez, Patricia Alejandra 
Otros responsables
Fecha
2024-09-30
Editorial
Sociedad Argentina de Botánica
Revista
Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
0373-580X
eISSN
1851-2372
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Español
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Resumen
El sistema de Tandilia (Buenos Aires, Argentina) es un refugio fundamental para una biota altamente diversa frente a la variabilidad climática durante el Cenozoico medio-tardío, especialmente para helechos y licofitas de la flora pampeana. La geología y cercanía al mar del sudeste del sistema de Tandilia plantean interrogantes sobre la composición y afinidades biogeográficas de helechos y licofitas. Ante la transformación antrópica del paisaje urge inventariar las especies y los microambientes en los que se desarrollan. Este trabajo presenta un inventario de la riqueza y frecuencia de helechos y licofitas del sudeste de Tandilia asociado a diferentes microambientes serranos, su afinidad biogeográfica y una clave dicotómica para el área. Se realizaron colectas entre 2006-2024 en sierras de los Partidos de Balcarce y General Pueyrredon y se comparó estos registros con los de la flora de helechos y licofitas de Ventania y Tandilia. El sudeste de Tandilia registra el 51% de los helechos y licofitos reportados para el Sistema de Tandilia. Se observó un incremento de elementos austro-brasileños y una disminución de austral-antárticos vinculado a aspectos latitudinales y biogeográficos. Se determinaron adaptaciones que les permiten desarrollarse en un gradiente de disponibilidad hídrica asociado a diferentes microambientes. Ocho especies fueron catalogadas como raras debido a su baja frecuencia. Los resultados muestran la necesidad planificar áreas de conservación de la flora de helechos y licofitas del sistema serrano de Tandilia.
Background and aims: The Tandilia system is a fundamental refuge for a highly diverse biota throughout the wide climatic variability of the mid-late Cenozoic that affected the Pampean steppe, especially for fern and lycophyte flora. The geology and proximity to the sea in the southeast of the Tandilia system raise questions about the composition and biogeographical affinities of the fern and lycophyte flora. Furthermore, given the anthropogenic landscape transformation, it is necessary to inventory the status of the frequency and microenvironments in which these species develop. Thus, we present an inventory and frequency of ferns and lycophytes of the southeast of Tandilia associated with different microenvironments and biogeographical affinity and develop a dichotomous key for the area. M&M: We collected fern and lycophyte between 2006 and 2024 in Balcarce and General Pueyrredon hill ranges and they were compared with those fern and lycophyte flora from Ventania and Tandilia. Results: This study shows that 51% of the ferns and licophytes reported at Tandilia rangeland System develope in the southeastern of Tandilia. An increase of AustroBrazilian elements and decrease of Austral-Antarctic elements were observed, linked to latitudinal and biogeographical aspects. Adaptive traits related to a water availability gradient and different microenvironments were established. Eight species were cataloged as rare due to their low frequency. Conclusions: The results highlight the need to plan conservation areas for the fern and lycophyte flora of the Tandilia mountain system.
Background and aims: The Tandilia system is a fundamental refuge for a highly diverse biota throughout the wide climatic variability of the mid-late Cenozoic that affected the Pampean steppe, especially for fern and lycophyte flora. The geology and proximity to the sea in the southeast of the Tandilia system raise questions about the composition and biogeographical affinities of the fern and lycophyte flora. Furthermore, given the anthropogenic landscape transformation, it is necessary to inventory the status of the frequency and microenvironments in which these species develop. Thus, we present an inventory and frequency of ferns and lycophytes of the southeast of Tandilia associated with different microenvironments and biogeographical affinity and develop a dichotomous key for the area. M&M: We collected fern and lycophyte between 2006 and 2024 in Balcarce and General Pueyrredon hill ranges and they were compared with those fern and lycophyte flora from Ventania and Tandilia. Results: This study shows that 51% of the ferns and licophytes reported at Tandilia rangeland System develope in the southeastern of Tandilia. An increase of AustroBrazilian elements and decrease of Austral-Antarctic elements were observed, linked to latitudinal and biogeographical aspects. Adaptive traits related to a water availability gradient and different microenvironments were established. Eight species were cataloged as rare due to their low frequency. Conclusions: The results highlight the need to plan conservation areas for the fern and lycophyte flora of the Tandilia mountain system.
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