Roedores del Holoceno tardío de la Puna de Atacama, sitio arqueológico Tebenquiche Chico, Catamarca, Argentina
; Jayat, Jorge Pablo
; Nasif, N. L. ; Teta, Pablo Vicente
; Haber, Alejandro 
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Fecha
08/2012
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Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
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Archaeofauna
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1132-6891
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Se estudió una muestra de roedores proveniente del yacimiento arqueológico de Tebenquiche Chico, situado en el departamento Antofagasta de la Sierra, provincia de Cata- marca, a 520 m de altitud y próximo al salar de Antofalla. El sitio corresponde a un pequeño asentamiento habitado entre los siglos IV y XII y reocupado en el siglo XVII de nuestra era. Los restos óseos fueron recuperados en el interior de las estructuras habitacionales del sitio arqueo- lógico, situado en las proximidades de una pequeña vega, antiguas acequias de riego y campos agrícolas. Se han registrado los taxones Abrothrix andinus, Phyllotis xanthopygus, Phyllotis sp., Neotomys ebriosus, Chinchilla chinchilla, Lagidium sp., Ctenomys sp. y Abrocoma cinerea. Se describen en detalle los numerosos caracteres cráneo-dentarios que permiten la distinción entre los géneros Chinchilla y Lagidium a partir de restos fragmentarios, dos taxones ampliamente utilizados como recurso básico en la economía de los pueblos de los Andes centrales. Con la excepción de Neotomys ebriosus, todas las especies registradas en el yacimiento habitan actual- mente en esta región de la Puna. Destaca el registro de N. ebriosus, sólo documentada actual- mente en los sectores montañosos húmedos orientales de la región. La amplitud temporal, el carácter exiguo de la muestra, la ausencia de muestras modernas comparables y la modificación antrópica del paisaje local impiden la reconstrucción de las condiciones paleoambientales a par- tir de los roedores de Tebenquiche Chico.
We study a sample of rodents coming from the archaeological site Tebenquiche Chico, situated on the Antofagasta de la Sierra Department, Catamarca Province, near to the Antofalla salt-flat at 520 m elevation. The site is a small settlement inhabited between the IV and XII centuries and repopulated in the XVII century. The remains were recovered from the buildings of the archaeological site, near a small vega, old irrigation canals, and agricultural fields. We report the following taxa: Abrothrix andinus, Phyllotis xanthopygus, Phyllotis sp., Neotomys ebriosus, Chinchilla chinchilla, Lagidium sp., Ctenomys sp. y Abrocoma cinerea. Several craniodental characters that differentiate Chinchilla from Lagidium on the basis of fragmentary remains are described in detail, two taxa widely used as a basic resource in the economy of human populations in the Central Andes. Excepting Neotomys ebriosus, all the species of the archaeological site live in this area of the argentine Puna. The record of this species is noteworthy because their modern populations have been only documented in the more humid eastern mountain ranges of the region. The temporal amplitude, the exiguity of the archaeological sample, the absence of comparable modern samples, as well as the anthropogenic transformation of the local landscape prevent the reconstruction of paleoenvironmental conditions based on the Tebenquiche Chico rodents.
We study a sample of rodents coming from the archaeological site Tebenquiche Chico, situated on the Antofagasta de la Sierra Department, Catamarca Province, near to the Antofalla salt-flat at 520 m elevation. The site is a small settlement inhabited between the IV and XII centuries and repopulated in the XVII century. The remains were recovered from the buildings of the archaeological site, near a small vega, old irrigation canals, and agricultural fields. We report the following taxa: Abrothrix andinus, Phyllotis xanthopygus, Phyllotis sp., Neotomys ebriosus, Chinchilla chinchilla, Lagidium sp., Ctenomys sp. y Abrocoma cinerea. Several craniodental characters that differentiate Chinchilla from Lagidium on the basis of fragmentary remains are described in detail, two taxa widely used as a basic resource in the economy of human populations in the Central Andes. Excepting Neotomys ebriosus, all the species of the archaeological site live in this area of the argentine Puna. The record of this species is noteworthy because their modern populations have been only documented in the more humid eastern mountain ranges of the region. The temporal amplitude, the exiguity of the archaeological sample, the absence of comparable modern samples, as well as the anthropogenic transformation of the local landscape prevent the reconstruction of paleoenvironmental conditions based on the Tebenquiche Chico rodents.
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