Relevamiento sanitario en rebaños ovinos y caprinos de pequeños productores de la región sur de la Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina
; Chodilef, Marta ; Cabrera, Raul ; Parreño, Gladys Viviana
; Gos, Maria Laura 
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Fecha
08/2024
Editorial
Sociedad de Medicina Veterinaria
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Revista de Medicina Veterinaria
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1852-771X
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Español
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Se trabajó en 28 establecimientos ganaderos de ovinos y caprinos de la región sur de la Provincia de Río Negro. Durante el estudio, los animales fueron revisados clínicamente y se tomaron muestras de sangre y materia fecal. En los ovinos, se observaron altas prevalencias interpredios de lana sisal (50 %), oestrosis (38,9 %), dermatitis (27,7 %), queratoconjuntivitis (22,2 %), melofagosis (22,2 %) y gingivitis y dermatitis por “flechilla” (22 %). En caprinos se observaron piojos masticadores (76,9 %). También se constató un 77,7 % de prognatismo en ovinos y un 23 % en caprinos e hipoplasia testicular con 22 % y 23 % de predios positivos para ovinos y caprinos respectivamente. En cuanto a los estudios de inmunología diagnóstica en ovinos, el 85,7 % de los predios resultaron positivos a Leptospira sp., el 52,3 % a B. ovis, el 38 % a T. gondii y el 10 % a N. caninum. En caprinos, todos los predios resultaron positivos a T. gondii, el 81,2 % a Herpes Virus caprino y el 75 % a Leptospira sp. Con respecto a los análisis coproparasitológicos, el 80,9 % de los predios ovinos y el 85 % de los predios caprinos presentaron cantidades considerables de huevos de nematodes gastrointestinales, siendo Ostertagia sp., Nematodirus sp., Trichostrongylus sp. y Oesophagostomum sp. las especies más frecuentes. Por otro lado, el 42,8 % de los predios ovinos y caprinos resultaron positivos a F. hepatica. Estos hallazgos evidencian que los rebaños de pequeños productores tienen problemas sanitarios de alto impacto en la producción y que es necesaria la acción del Estado para plantear programas sanitarios realizables y efectivos.
The study was carried out in 28 sheep and goat farms located in the southern region of the Río Negro Province. The animals were clinically examined and blood and faecal samples were collected. Clinically, high inter-farm prevalence was detected for sisal wool (50%), oestrosis (38.9%), dermatitis (27.7%), keratoconjunctivitis (22.2%), melophagosis (22.2%) and gingivitis and dermatitis due to “flechilla” (22%) in sheep. In goats, chewing lice were observed (76.9%). A 77.7% of prognathism in sheep and 23% in goats and testicular hypoplasia were also observed with 22% and 23% of positive farms for sheep and goats respectively. From the immunological studies in sheep, 85.7% of the farms were positive to Leptospira sp., 52.3% to B. ovis, 38% to T. gondii and 10% to N. caninum. In goats, all the farms were positive to T. gondii, 75% to Leptospira sp. and 81.2% to Caprine herpes virus. Regarding the coproparasitological analyses, 80.9% of the sheep farms and 85% of the goat farms presented considerable quantities of gastrointestinal nematodes eggs, being Ostertagia sp., Nematodirus sp., Trichostrongylus sp. and Oesophagostomum sp., the most frequent species observed. On the other hand, 42.8% of the sheep and goat farms were positive to F. hepatica. These findings show that both sheep flocks and goat herds belonging to small farmers have health problems that have a high impact on production. State intervention is needed to propose feasible and effective health programs.
The study was carried out in 28 sheep and goat farms located in the southern region of the Río Negro Province. The animals were clinically examined and blood and faecal samples were collected. Clinically, high inter-farm prevalence was detected for sisal wool (50%), oestrosis (38.9%), dermatitis (27.7%), keratoconjunctivitis (22.2%), melophagosis (22.2%) and gingivitis and dermatitis due to “flechilla” (22%) in sheep. In goats, chewing lice were observed (76.9%). A 77.7% of prognathism in sheep and 23% in goats and testicular hypoplasia were also observed with 22% and 23% of positive farms for sheep and goats respectively. From the immunological studies in sheep, 85.7% of the farms were positive to Leptospira sp., 52.3% to B. ovis, 38% to T. gondii and 10% to N. caninum. In goats, all the farms were positive to T. gondii, 75% to Leptospira sp. and 81.2% to Caprine herpes virus. Regarding the coproparasitological analyses, 80.9% of the sheep farms and 85% of the goat farms presented considerable quantities of gastrointestinal nematodes eggs, being Ostertagia sp., Nematodirus sp., Trichostrongylus sp. and Oesophagostomum sp., the most frequent species observed. On the other hand, 42.8% of the sheep and goat farms were positive to F. hepatica. These findings show that both sheep flocks and goat herds belonging to small farmers have health problems that have a high impact on production. State intervention is needed to propose feasible and effective health programs.
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