Fronteras internas y externas en torno a la representación de lo mítico: la trilogía de La momia azteca

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01/2022
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Universidade Federal do Paraná
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História Questoes e Debates
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0100-6932
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Estudiaremos los mecanismos de representación que el cine mexicano ha utilizado para ilustrar la historia antigua de aquel país y las tradiciones culturales precolombinas en una trilogía de films producida a finales de los años cincuenta compuesta por La momia azteca (1957), La maldición de la momia azteca (1957) y La momia azteca contra el robot humano (1958), dirigidas por Rafael Portillo. Dichas películas mostraron una estereotipación de los valores cultuales y culturales de la civilización azteca partiendo del imaginario propuesto por el cine popular mexicano, en torno a los recursos estético-narrativos impulsados por el cine de terror y fantástico. Tendremos en cuenta la repercusión que estos tres films tuvieron más allá del territorio nacional, a través de la producción de versiones dobladas al inglés y comercializadas en Estados Unidos, entablando un alcance transnacional inesperado. Esto nos permitirá descubrir una modalidad de representación basada en la amalgama entre la familiaridad y el extrañamiento, que se establecerá como parámetro para la difusión de sucesivas películas que configurarán la identidad nacional mexicana partiendo de la inclusión de figuras míticas, formando parte de un pasado desplazado por un México modernizado, pero expresadas como elementos constituyentes de la propia idiosincrasia. Entendemos que la configuración de un “otro”, representado en la figura mítica de la momia azteca, se erige como elemento de extrañamiento para el público foráneo y el espectador mexicano, que al igual que los protagonistas de film, se ven atrapados entre su afinidad con la leyenda y la racionalidad del siglo presente.
We will study the representation mechanisms that Mexican cinema has used to illustrate the ancient history of that country and the pre-Columbian cultural traditions in a trilogy of films produced at the end of the fifties, composed by The Aztec Mummy (1957), The Curse of the Aztec Mummy (1957) and The Robot vs. The Aztec Mummy (1958), directed by Rafael Portillo. These films showed a stereotyping of the cult and cultural values of the Aztec civilization based on the imaginary proposed by Mexican popular cinema, around the aesthetic-narrative resources promoted by horror and fantasy films. We will take into account the scope that these three films had beyond the national territory, through the production of versions dubbed into English and marketed in the United States, establishing an unexpected transnational extent. This will allow us to discover a mode of representation based on the mixture between familiarity and estrangement, which will be established as a parameter for the dissemination of successive films that will configure the Mexican national identity based on the inclusion of mythical figures, who are part of a past. displaced by a modernized Mexico, but expressed as constituent elements of its own idiosyncrasy. We understand that the configuration of an “other”, represented in the mythical figure of the Aztec mummy, stands as an element of estrangement for the foreign public and the Mexican spectator, who, as the main characters of the film, are caught between their affinity with the legend and the rationality of the present century.
We will study the representation mechanisms that Mexican cinema has used to illustrate the ancient history of that country and the pre-Columbian cultural traditions in a trilogy of films produced at the end of the fifties, composed by The Aztec Mummy (1957), The Curse of the Aztec Mummy (1957) and The Robot vs. The Aztec Mummy (1958), directed by Rafael Portillo. These films showed a stereotyping of the cult and cultural values of the Aztec civilization based on the imaginary proposed by Mexican popular cinema, around the aesthetic-narrative resources promoted by horror and fantasy films. We will take into account the scope that these three films had beyond the national territory, through the production of versions dubbed into English and marketed in the United States, establishing an unexpected transnational extent. This will allow us to discover a mode of representation based on the mixture between familiarity and estrangement, which will be established as a parameter for the dissemination of successive films that will configure the Mexican national identity based on the inclusion of mythical figures, who are part of a past. displaced by a modernized Mexico, but expressed as constituent elements of its own idiosyncrasy. We understand that the configuration of an “other”, represented in the mythical figure of the Aztec mummy, stands as an element of estrangement for the foreign public and the Mexican spectator, who, as the main characters of the film, are caught between their affinity with the legend and the rationality of the present century.
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