Evaluación de las alteraciones de la comprensión de textos en diferentes tipos de lesión cerebral
; Ferreres, Aldo Rodolfo ; Abusamra, Valeria
; Otero, Julia ; Casajús, Andrea ; Cartoceti, Romina Verónica 
Otros responsables
Fecha
10/2011
Editorial
Sociedad Neurológica Argentina
Revista
Neurologia Argentina
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1853-0028
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Español
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Resumen
Introducción: Las lesiones cerebrales, según su tipo y localización, pueden afectar tanto la decodificación lectora como la comprensión de textos. Las alteraciones de la decodificación (los cuadros de alexia) se valoran clásicamente con tareas incluidas en las baterías para evaluar pacientes afásicos. Las alteraciones de la comprensión de textos, pese a su mayor frecuencia e importancia ecológica, han recibido menos atención y hay pocos instrumentos destinados a evaluarla. Objetivos: Diseñar una batería breve para evaluar alteraciones de la comprensión de textos en pacientes con daño cerebral y probar si resulta apta para diferenciar un grupo de lesionados de su respectivo grupo control. Sujetos y método: Se estudiaron 30 pacientes (con traumatismo craneal, lesión en el hemisferio derecho o deterioro cognitivo leve) y 30 controles a los que se les aplicó un test de eficacia lectora (TECLE) y dos pruebas de comprensión de textos especialmente diseñadas. Se comparó el rendimiento de los grupos. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas en el rendimiento de pacientes y controles en las tres pruebas utilizadas. Esto sugiere que las pruebas son útiles para discriminar entre casos y controles. Además, una proporción importante de los pacientes de todas las patologías estudiadas mostró dificultades para comprender textos. Conclusiones: Se discute la importancia, clínica y legal, de incluir la dimensión textual en la evaluación de los efectos del daño cerebral y de no reducir la evaluación de la lectura a tareas de decodificación.
Introduction: Both decoding and reading comprehension can be affected by brain injuries depending on type and localization. Impairments of decoding (alexia) are assessed with tasks included in batteries to study aphasic patients. The assessment of text comprehension impairments, despite its frequency and ecological importance, has received fewer attention and the tools to evaluate it in pathologies other than aphasia are sparse. Objectives: To design a brief battery to assess text comprehension impairments in patients with brain damage and to prove its power in distinguishing a brain injured group from their control group. Subjects and method: We studied 30 patients (head injury, right hemisphere damage or mild cognitive impairment) and 30 controls that were administered a reading efficiency test (TECLE) and two text comprehension tests specially designed. We compared the performance of the groups. Results: Significant differences in patients and controls performance was founded in the three tests applied. This suggests that the tests are appropriate to discriminate patient from control groups. In addition, a significant proportion of patients of all diseases studied showed difficulties in texts comprehension. Conclusions: We discuss the clinical and legal significance to include textual dimension in assessing the effects of brain damage. It is important not to reduce the assessment of reading at the level of decoding tasks.
Introduction: Both decoding and reading comprehension can be affected by brain injuries depending on type and localization. Impairments of decoding (alexia) are assessed with tasks included in batteries to study aphasic patients. The assessment of text comprehension impairments, despite its frequency and ecological importance, has received fewer attention and the tools to evaluate it in pathologies other than aphasia are sparse. Objectives: To design a brief battery to assess text comprehension impairments in patients with brain damage and to prove its power in distinguishing a brain injured group from their control group. Subjects and method: We studied 30 patients (head injury, right hemisphere damage or mild cognitive impairment) and 30 controls that were administered a reading efficiency test (TECLE) and two text comprehension tests specially designed. We compared the performance of the groups. Results: Significant differences in patients and controls performance was founded in the three tests applied. This suggests that the tests are appropriate to discriminate patient from control groups. In addition, a significant proportion of patients of all diseases studied showed difficulties in texts comprehension. Conclusions: We discuss the clinical and legal significance to include textual dimension in assessing the effects of brain damage. It is important not to reduce the assessment of reading at the level of decoding tasks.
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