Petrografía y porosidad de areniscas portadoras de petróleo: formación Bajo Barreal (Cretácico), Cuenca Golfo San Jorge, Argentina
; Ovejero, Ramona ; Georgieff, Sergio Miguel
; Ferreira, Leonor ; Bossi, Gerardo Eugenio 
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Fecha
2015
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Fundación Miguel Lillo
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Acta Geológica Lilloana
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0567-7513
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Con el objeto de profundizar en el conocimiento sobre la migración de los fluidos y las posibilidades de recuperación de hidrocarburos, se realizaron estudios petrográ- ficos y de porosidad en areniscas fluviales cretácicas de la sección superior de la Formación Bajo Barreal en el yacimiento Cerro Guadal Norte, cuenca Golfo San Jorge, Santa Cruz, Argentina. La sección superior de la Formación Bajo Barreal está compuesta por areniscas finas y medias con estratificación cruzada o planar, maciza y laminación ondulítica. En el tope de los cuerpos pueden desarrollarse niveles limolíticos con laminación paralela. Los depósitos están bien expuestos alrededor de la laguna La Sin Nombre, donde se describieron dos perfiles estratigráficos. En los cuerpos con exposición lateral completa se realizaron descripciones arquitecturales y perfiles estratigráficos de detalle cada 10 m. Se tomaron 49 muestras orientadas (al norte magnético) de areniscas medias. A partir de cada muestra se prepararon dos cortes petrográficos, perpendiculares entre sí, impregnados con resina epoxi azul. Las areniscas son principalmente litarenitas feldespáticas. También se identificaron litarenitas y grauvacas. Casi todas las areniscas son submaduras. La porosidad media es aproximadamente del 18%, de distribución homogénea a heterogénea. Contienen proporciones variables de cementos arcillosos, ceolíticos, silíceos y carbonáticos. Se observa un incremento del contenido de cemento ceolítico hacia el techo de los cuerpos, mientras que los cementos arcillosos son predominantes hacia la base. La distribución de la porosidad tiene un diseño más o menos constante; disminuye lateralmente desde los canales principales hacia las barras adyacentes; también decrece desde la base hacia el techo de las barras donde son frecuentes los depósitos de canalizaciones menores o «cross bar-channel» y en la dirección aguas abajo.
Petrography and porosity studies were performed to improve the knowledge about fluid migrations and additional hydrocarbon recovery projects throughout Cretaceous fluvial sandstones of the Bajo Barreal Formation Upper section in the Cerro Guadal Norte oil field (Golfo San Jorge Basin, Santa Cruz, Argentina). The Upper section of the Bajo Barreal Formation is composed of fine and medium sandstones which have mainly cross but planar stratification, massive and ripple lamination were also recorded. Occasionally, light brown siltstones with parallel lamination are observed at the top of the sandstone bodies. Extensive fluvial channel belt deposits are well exposed around La Sin Nombre pond, where two stratigraphic logs were described. In addition, sedimentary architectural descriptions and short detailed lateral logs, separated by tens of meters each, were recorded. Forty nine north-oriented medium sandstones were sampled, and two blue epoxy impregnated petrographic thin sections were prepared for every sample, one parallel and the other normal to the North. The sandstones are mainly feldspar litharenites although litharenites and feldspar wackes were also identified. Most of them are submature and the mean porosity is around 18 % varying from homogeneous to heterogeneous. Clayey, zeolitic, siliceous and carbonatic cements are present in different proportions. A comparison among petrography, porosity and architectural studies indicates an increase of zeolitic cements towards the top of the sandstone bodies, whereas the clayey cements are predominant at the base of the sandstone deposits. Furthermore, porosity decreases from main channel to adjacent bars and cross over bar-channel. In the bar-channel deposit, porosity decreases in both downstream and upward.
Petrography and porosity studies were performed to improve the knowledge about fluid migrations and additional hydrocarbon recovery projects throughout Cretaceous fluvial sandstones of the Bajo Barreal Formation Upper section in the Cerro Guadal Norte oil field (Golfo San Jorge Basin, Santa Cruz, Argentina). The Upper section of the Bajo Barreal Formation is composed of fine and medium sandstones which have mainly cross but planar stratification, massive and ripple lamination were also recorded. Occasionally, light brown siltstones with parallel lamination are observed at the top of the sandstone bodies. Extensive fluvial channel belt deposits are well exposed around La Sin Nombre pond, where two stratigraphic logs were described. In addition, sedimentary architectural descriptions and short detailed lateral logs, separated by tens of meters each, were recorded. Forty nine north-oriented medium sandstones were sampled, and two blue epoxy impregnated petrographic thin sections were prepared for every sample, one parallel and the other normal to the North. The sandstones are mainly feldspar litharenites although litharenites and feldspar wackes were also identified. Most of them are submature and the mean porosity is around 18 % varying from homogeneous to heterogeneous. Clayey, zeolitic, siliceous and carbonatic cements are present in different proportions. A comparison among petrography, porosity and architectural studies indicates an increase of zeolitic cements towards the top of the sandstone bodies, whereas the clayey cements are predominant at the base of the sandstone deposits. Furthermore, porosity decreases from main channel to adjacent bars and cross over bar-channel. In the bar-channel deposit, porosity decreases in both downstream and upward.
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