La ambigüedad extensiva/eventiva en "estar"

Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2011
Editorial
Sociedad Argentina de Lingüística
Revista
RASAL Lingüística
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
0327-8794
eISSN
2618-3455
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Español
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Resumen
En contraste con otras lenguas que sólo cuentan con una cópula pura (@ be), el español presenta cópulas con propiedades semánticas divergentes, léxicamente codificadas como parte de su significado (ergo, no explicables desde concepciones composicionales [morfológicas o sintácticas] de la aspectualidad). En este sentido, planteamos que la definición tradicional de estado (atemporal, no eventivo) no permite captar las divergencias expuestas por las cópulas españolas ante los diagnósticos regularmente empleados para la telicidad, ni predecir ciertos hechos lingüísticos, como la ambigüedad de las cláusulas generadas a partir de estar entre una situación extensiva (homogénea) y una situación incoativa (no homogénea); distinción relevante en tanto sólo la segunda modalidad sería felizmente descripta a través del concepto de telicidad indicado en numerosos estudios. A su vez, las diferencias en el comportamiento de ser y estar desafían la tradicional asociación verbo de estado/homogeneidad. Hipótesis: la delimitación temporal [boundedness] del estado expresado mediante estar explicaría (i) ocurrencias en los contextos no previstos por el análisis tradicional, (ii) admisión de adjuntos de framing y endpoint y (iii) posibilidad de ambigüedad entre lectura extensiva/incoativa (télica). Metodología: análisis de ambigüedad entre lectura extensiva/eventiva en combinación con homogeneidad, lectura posterior y pausa. Como resultado, se distinguen formalmente tres tipos de situaciones aspectualmente diferentes.
In contrast to other languages featuring a single pure copula (@ be) for the expression of (at least) two aspectually different types of states, this distinction is grammatically instantiated in Spanish by copulas with divergent semantic properties which are lexically encoded as part of their meaning (i.e., not accounted for from compositional approaches to aspectuality). This implies the possibility of giving rise to expressions with eventivityrelated properties (inchoative clauses). In this regard, we propose that the traditional definition of state (non-temporal, non-eventive) does not succeed in capturing the differences displayed by Spanish grammar, nor in predicting certain empirical facts, such as the lexical affinity with both diagnostics for durativity and telicity and its availability for the generation of eventive expressions (the only case in which the concept of telicity suggested in numerous studies would be appropriately applied). Hypothesis: temporal boundedness (expressed by the state yielded by estar) may explain (i) occurrence in contexts not covered by traditional analyses, (ii) admission of framing and endpoint adjuncts and (iii) availability of an inchoative (telic) reading. Methodology: assessment of the ambiguity between extensive/eventive reading through Homogeneity, After effect and Pause. As a result, three different kinds of situations/predications can be formally distinguished.
In contrast to other languages featuring a single pure copula (@ be) for the expression of (at least) two aspectually different types of states, this distinction is grammatically instantiated in Spanish by copulas with divergent semantic properties which are lexically encoded as part of their meaning (i.e., not accounted for from compositional approaches to aspectuality). This implies the possibility of giving rise to expressions with eventivityrelated properties (inchoative clauses). In this regard, we propose that the traditional definition of state (non-temporal, non-eventive) does not succeed in capturing the differences displayed by Spanish grammar, nor in predicting certain empirical facts, such as the lexical affinity with both diagnostics for durativity and telicity and its availability for the generation of eventive expressions (the only case in which the concept of telicity suggested in numerous studies would be appropriately applied). Hypothesis: temporal boundedness (expressed by the state yielded by estar) may explain (i) occurrence in contexts not covered by traditional analyses, (ii) admission of framing and endpoint adjuncts and (iii) availability of an inchoative (telic) reading. Methodology: assessment of the ambiguity between extensive/eventive reading through Homogeneity, After effect and Pause. As a result, three different kinds of situations/predications can be formally distinguished.
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