"Compañeros decanos". La reforma universitaria de la izquierda peronista a través de las designaciones de autoridades en la Universidad de Buenos Aires (1973-1974)

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Fecha
09/2018
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Humanidades. Programa Buenos Aires de Historia Política del Siglo XX
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PolHis
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1853-7723
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Español
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El artículo reconstruye los modos en que se resolvieron los nombramientos, renuncias y reemplazos de autoridades de la Universidad de Buenos Aires y en todas sus facultades entre mayo de 1973 y septiembre de 1974, período de institucionalización de una reforma universitaria que resultó inconclusa. La pregunta que guía el trabajo es hasta qué punto resulta posible delimitar al conjunto de actores que impulsó dicha reforma. Al respecto, nos resultaron poco precisas dos evocaciones presentes en la bibliografía que caracterizaron el tema como la “universidad montonera” o como un momento más de la “universidad peronista”. Argumentaremos que la “universidad del ´73” tiene cierta especificidad que resulta de un entramado complejo de trayectorias políticas y disciplinares, vínculos organizativos y juegos de fuerza políticos. La hipótesis es que a pesar de su relativa heterogeneidad, es posible y fructífera la utilización de la categoría analítica de izquierda peronista para dar cuenta de un entramado de actores que participaron en forma protagónica de la planificación y ejecución de una inconclusa reforma universitaria durante el período. Siguiendo una estrategia cualitativa, se utilizan principalmente tres tipos de fuentes primarias: entrevistas realizadas por el autor, normativas nacionales e institucionales y prensa gráfica de circulación nacional.
The article analyzes how the University of Buenos Aires made appointments, resignations and replacements of the authorities in its faculties between May 1973 and September 1974. During that period, the University started the institutionalization of a reform that was never complete. The main question is whether it is possible to establish who were the actors that initiated and drove the reform. We argue that it is inaccurate to characterize this group as the Montonero´s university or as another moment of the Peronist university, as some literature does, and that the “’73 university” had certain specificities that resulted from a complex network of political and disciplinary trajectories, organizational bonds, and political power games. The hypothesis is that –in spite of its relative heterogeneity– it is possible and fruitful to use the Peronist Left as an analytical category to shed light on that complex network of actors that had the main role in planning and executing the unfinished reform. We use a qualitative strategy on three different primary sources: interviews performed by the author; national and institutional regulations; and graphic press of national circulation.
The article analyzes how the University of Buenos Aires made appointments, resignations and replacements of the authorities in its faculties between May 1973 and September 1974. During that period, the University started the institutionalization of a reform that was never complete. The main question is whether it is possible to establish who were the actors that initiated and drove the reform. We argue that it is inaccurate to characterize this group as the Montonero´s university or as another moment of the Peronist university, as some literature does, and that the “’73 university” had certain specificities that resulted from a complex network of political and disciplinary trajectories, organizational bonds, and political power games. The hypothesis is that –in spite of its relative heterogeneity– it is possible and fruitful to use the Peronist Left as an analytical category to shed light on that complex network of actors that had the main role in planning and executing the unfinished reform. We use a qualitative strategy on three different primary sources: interviews performed by the author; national and institutional regulations; and graphic press of national circulation.
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