Argumentación de expertos: estrategias en niños Asperger
; Rubbo, Yamila ; Tenaglia, María Florencia ; Ilicic Isely, Camila ; Garay Frontini, Melisa ; Iacobuzio, Sofía Victoria
; Gasparini, Maria Victoria 
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Fecha
11/2020
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Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Educación
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Traslaciones: Revista Latinoamericana de Lectura y Escritura
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2362-6194
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La descripción de las habilidades lingüísticas de los niños condición Asperger (CA) da cuenta de que sus discursos poseen solidez gramatical y denotan el dominio precoz de ciertos usos léxicos complejos. No obstante experimentan dificultades lingüísticas para identificar y asignar estados mentales a otros. Así muchos de sus usos comunicativos se tornan falentes, especialmente aquellos que implican articular o comprender usos comunicativos estratégicos.En este trabajo caracterizamos los usos argumentativos de niños CA en instancias de interacción con un adulto, comparando estas secuencias con las de pares neurotípicos (NT). Se analiza la disposición de secuencias polémicas y el uso de dos tipos de conectores (pero y porque). El objetivo es comprender las estrategias argumentativas dispuestas en términos dinámicos considerando especialmente si los niños CA atienden a los argumentos que les ofrecen sus oponentes. Los resultados indican que los niños CA son más reacios que los NT a polemizar sobre tópicos que están fuera de su interés y que sus enunciados presentan más encadenamientos de carácter inferencial. En cuanto a los usos de los conectores, se observó que los niños CA los utilizan con más frecuencia que los niños NT. Predominan los usos en posición inicial e intermedia (vinculando cláusulas), lo que indicaría su uso adecuado como operadores de encadenamiento argumentativo. Por otro lado, resulta predominante el uso del conector de co-orientación (porque) en posición intermedia. Los usos de pero (conector de anti-orientación) son menos frecuentes, aunque el análisis cualitativo permite observar que su uso introduce una mayor variedad de funciones pragmáticas.
The description of linguistic skills in children with Asperger condition (AC) reports that their speech shows a broad grammatical knowledge that reveals an earlier mastering of complex lexical resources. Nevertheless AC children face some difficulties when they have to linguistically identify and assign mental states to others. These problems turn unsatisfactories somo of their communicative, mainly those that require articulate or understanding communicative strategic uses. In this work we characterize the AC argumentative uses in conversational settings with an adult, comparing these sequences with those produced by Neurotypical children (NT), paired with AC children in Age and Social level. We analyze the polemic sequences and the use of two types of grammatical connectors (‘but’ and ‘because’). The aim is to understand the argumentative strategies used by children in a dynamic perspective, considering if AC children can cope with the arguments presented by their opponents.The results show that AC children are more reluctant to argue over topics that were out of their focus of interests and, also, their utterances, in a great amount of uses, show more inferential chaining than the NT’s utterances. If we take into account the grammatical connectors, we observed that AC children use them more frequently than NT children. The most common uses are in the initial and intermediate positions (linking clauses) and it seems to indicate that AC children master properly their functions as argumentative chaining operators. ‘Because´ is the most frequent connector in co-orientation uses, it is when it occurs in an intermediate position. The uses of ´but´ (anti-orientation connector) are less frequent although the qualitative analysis allows us to observe a more range of pragmatic functions.
The description of linguistic skills in children with Asperger condition (AC) reports that their speech shows a broad grammatical knowledge that reveals an earlier mastering of complex lexical resources. Nevertheless AC children face some difficulties when they have to linguistically identify and assign mental states to others. These problems turn unsatisfactories somo of their communicative, mainly those that require articulate or understanding communicative strategic uses. In this work we characterize the AC argumentative uses in conversational settings with an adult, comparing these sequences with those produced by Neurotypical children (NT), paired with AC children in Age and Social level. We analyze the polemic sequences and the use of two types of grammatical connectors (‘but’ and ‘because’). The aim is to understand the argumentative strategies used by children in a dynamic perspective, considering if AC children can cope with the arguments presented by their opponents.The results show that AC children are more reluctant to argue over topics that were out of their focus of interests and, also, their utterances, in a great amount of uses, show more inferential chaining than the NT’s utterances. If we take into account the grammatical connectors, we observed that AC children use them more frequently than NT children. The most common uses are in the initial and intermediate positions (linking clauses) and it seems to indicate that AC children master properly their functions as argumentative chaining operators. ‘Because´ is the most frequent connector in co-orientation uses, it is when it occurs in an intermediate position. The uses of ´but´ (anti-orientation connector) are less frequent although the qualitative analysis allows us to observe a more range of pragmatic functions.
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