La querella por la libertas hobbesiana: Un análisis de las nociones de libertad en la trilogía político-filosófica de Thomas Hobbes

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Fecha
06/2012
Editorial
Miño y Dávila
Revista
Eadem Utraque Europa
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ISSN
1885-7221
eISSN
1885-7221
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Español
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Resumen
E xiste hoy un importante y extendido consenso conforme al cual 0omas Hobbes sostendría, a lo largo de toda su obra, una noción de libertad que podría calificarse como ausencia de interferencias o impedimentos. Esta opinión olvida, no obstante, la pluralidad de significaciones que adquiere la libertad en sus tres principales escritos. Este artículo pretende mostrar que, en el "e Elements of Law y en el De Cive, existe un concepto de libertad que podría cara3erizarse como “ausencia de dominio entre particulares” garantizada por la igualdad en la sujeción al Estado y a las leyes civiles. Esta acepción de libertad es, empero, eliminada en el Leviathan. No puede objetarse la novedad que la teoría hobbesiana introduce al entender la libertad como “ausencia impedimentos”. Sin embargo, este hecho no debe hacernos pasar por alto aquella noción “anómala”, sólo por que ella no es del todo coherente con esta creación que da fama a Hobbes, y que ha dejado una perdurable huella en el pensamiento político que llega, incluso, hasta nuestros días.
The quarrel about hobbessian libertas. A study of the notions of liberty in Thomas Hobbes’ politic-philosophical trilogy N owadays, there is an important and widespread consensus according to which )omas Hobbes would put forward a notion of liberty that could be described as absence of interferences or impediments. However, this opinion forgets the plurality of meanings that freedom acquires in Hobbes’ most important writings. )is article aims to show that in !e Elements of Law and De Cive there is a concept of liberty that could be chara+erized as “absence of dominium among individuals”. Absence of dominium that is guaranteed by the equal subje+ion to the State and the civil laws. Nevertheless, this sense of freedom is eliminated in Leviathan. It is impossible to question the novelty that hobbesian theory introduces by understanding liberty as “absence of impediments”. However this shouldn’t make us overlook the other “unusual” notion of freedom just because it is not consistent with this creation that makes Hobbes famous, and that has left a long-lasting trace in political thought that reaches our time.
The quarrel about hobbessian libertas. A study of the notions of liberty in Thomas Hobbes’ politic-philosophical trilogy N owadays, there is an important and widespread consensus according to which )omas Hobbes would put forward a notion of liberty that could be described as absence of interferences or impediments. However, this opinion forgets the plurality of meanings that freedom acquires in Hobbes’ most important writings. )is article aims to show that in !e Elements of Law and De Cive there is a concept of liberty that could be chara+erized as “absence of dominium among individuals”. Absence of dominium that is guaranteed by the equal subje+ion to the State and the civil laws. Nevertheless, this sense of freedom is eliminated in Leviathan. It is impossible to question the novelty that hobbesian theory introduces by understanding liberty as “absence of impediments”. However this shouldn’t make us overlook the other “unusual” notion of freedom just because it is not consistent with this creation that makes Hobbes famous, and that has left a long-lasting trace in political thought that reaches our time.
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