Mercado laboral, políticas sociales y desigualdad: cambios recientes en perspectiva histórica. Gran Buenos Aires, 1974-2014
; Poy Piñeiro, Santiago 
Otros responsables
Fecha
09/2017
Editorial
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Revista
Economía UNAM
Título del libro
Nombre del evento
Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
1665-952X
eISSN
ISBN
Idioma
Español
Tipo del evento
Clasificación temática
Resumen
Existe consenso acerca de la retracción de la desigualdad en el ingreso monetario en América Latina durante la última década, a la vez que hay coincidencias en que la región continúa siendo la más inequitativa del planeta. Este artículo aborda los cambios en la desigualdad en el caso argentino durante la última década en perspectiva histórica, considerándolo un caso relevante por la sucesión de modelos político-económicos de signo diferente en cuatro décadas. La investigación considera que los cambios en la desigualdad del ingreso monetario de los hogares resultan de las transformaciones macroeconómicas, pero incluyendo las mediaciones generadas por el mercado laboral, las políticas sociales y los comportamientos de los hogares. Se comparan distintas fases macroeconómicas y sus efectos en términos de la desigualdad distributiva. La información se construyó a partir de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos de Argentina y se avanza con una descomposición de la variación del coeficiente de Gini. La evidencia muestra que la última década fue una inflexión en la tendencia ascendente de la desigualdad registrada a partir de los setenta y que en ese comportamiento incidió la menor inequidad interna de los ingresos laborales y el mayor protagonismo de las políticas sociales (en especial, la expansión del sistema jubilatorio); al mismo tiempo, el coeficiente de Gini al final del período estudiado era más alto que a mediados de los años setenta.
There is a wide consensus about the path of inequality reduction followed by Latin America during the last decade, as well as is recognized that the region is still the world’s most unequal region. This paper tackles changes in households’ income inequality in Argentina during the last decade from a historical perspective, considering Argentinean case relevant because different kinds of political and economical models took place during the last four decades. The paper considers that changes recorded in households’ income inequality depends on macro-economic changes, but introducing an analysis of changes in labor markets, social policies and households’ behaviors. Several periods are compared in terms of their effects on households’ income inequality. Data come from Permanent Household Survey (EPH) of the National Institute of Statistics, and a Gini index decomposition model is applied. Evidence show that the last decade was a turning point in the growing trend of households’ income inequality recorded since the seventies and that this performance was due to a less inequality of labor incomes and the growing relevance of social policies (specially, the extension of pensions system); whilst the Gini index at the end of the period was higher than in the mid-seventies.
There is a wide consensus about the path of inequality reduction followed by Latin America during the last decade, as well as is recognized that the region is still the world’s most unequal region. This paper tackles changes in households’ income inequality in Argentina during the last decade from a historical perspective, considering Argentinean case relevant because different kinds of political and economical models took place during the last four decades. The paper considers that changes recorded in households’ income inequality depends on macro-economic changes, but introducing an analysis of changes in labor markets, social policies and households’ behaviors. Several periods are compared in terms of their effects on households’ income inequality. Data come from Permanent Household Survey (EPH) of the National Institute of Statistics, and a Gini index decomposition model is applied. Evidence show that the last decade was a turning point in the growing trend of households’ income inequality recorded since the seventies and that this performance was due to a less inequality of labor incomes and the growing relevance of social policies (specially, the extension of pensions system); whilst the Gini index at the end of the period was higher than in the mid-seventies.
Colecciones
Aprobación
Revisión
Complementado por
Referenciado por
Licencia Creative Commons
Excepto donde se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este ítem se describe como by-nc-nd
