Woyie t’ woyie: Recuperar conocimientos, saberes y prácticas del pueblo wichí para una transformación epistémica intercultural de los sistemas de salud
; Zamora, Libia Tujuayliya Gea Otros responsables
Fecha
07/2021
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Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades desde América Latina
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Resistances
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2737-6222
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Español
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Este escrito parte de un dato de la realidad argentina: las políticas públicas en materia de salud llevadas a cabo por el Estado nacional desde su conformación, desconocen e invisibilizan las epistemes y los horizontes de sentido de aquellos pueblos originarios que lo precedieron. Por tanto, urge pensar caminos posibles de construcción entre el Estado y los pueblos indígenas que arriben a sistemas sanitarios interculturales. Para mostrar concretamente este dato de realidad que postulamos, el escrito aborda la problemática sanitaria Estado-pueblos indígenas en una zonaparticular de la provincia de Salta, habitada por comunidades wichís. Allí, se implementó un programa que atendía en territorio aspectos primarios de la salud, pero este programa perdió rápidamente apoyo estatal. A partir de analizar dicha experiencia, focalizada sobre todo en niños y madres niñas, este trabajo arroja algunos resultados y conclusiones: elevada mortalidad infantil por desnutrición; ausencia de atención primaria de la salud en territorio; desconocimientoy desinterés profundo del gobierno por recuperar las epistemes de dichas comunidades y elaborar un sistema sanitario intercultural y, más grave aún, las comunidades wichís son víctimas de una pobreza extrema a causa de acciones y omisiones de un Estado que históricamente las ignora y subestima.
This paper starts from a fact of the Argentine reality: the public policies on health carried out by the national State since its conformation, ignore and make invisible the epistemes and the horizons of the meaning of those native peoples who preceded it. Therefore, it is urgent to think of possible ways of construction between the State and the indigenous people that lead to intercultural health systems. In order to concretely show this fact of reality that we postulate, the paper deals with the State-indigenous people’s health problem in a particular area of the province of Salta, inhabited by Wichí communities. There, a program was implemented in the territory that addressed primary health issues, but this program quickly lost state support. Based on the analysis of this experience, focused mainly on children and mothers, this paper presents some results and conclusions: high infant mortality due to malnutrition; absence of primary health care in the territory; lack of knowledge and deep disinterest of the government to recover the epistemes of these communities and develop an intercultural health system and, even more serious, the Wichí communities are victims of extreme poverty due to actions and omissions of a State that historically ignores and underestimates them.
This paper starts from a fact of the Argentine reality: the public policies on health carried out by the national State since its conformation, ignore and make invisible the epistemes and the horizons of the meaning of those native peoples who preceded it. Therefore, it is urgent to think of possible ways of construction between the State and the indigenous people that lead to intercultural health systems. In order to concretely show this fact of reality that we postulate, the paper deals with the State-indigenous people’s health problem in a particular area of the province of Salta, inhabited by Wichí communities. There, a program was implemented in the territory that addressed primary health issues, but this program quickly lost state support. Based on the analysis of this experience, focused mainly on children and mothers, this paper presents some results and conclusions: high infant mortality due to malnutrition; absence of primary health care in the territory; lack of knowledge and deep disinterest of the government to recover the epistemes of these communities and develop an intercultural health system and, even more serious, the Wichí communities are victims of extreme poverty due to actions and omissions of a State that historically ignores and underestimates them.
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