Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno: de honominias y sinonimias en la historia taxonómica del Tuátara (Sphenodon punctatus)
; Martinelli, Agustín Guillermo 
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06/2023
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Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara
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Historia Natural
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0326-1778
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El Tuátara o Sphenodon punctatus es un lepidosaurio endémico de Nueva Zelanda y único representante actual del grupo de los rincocefalios. Este reptil ha llamado la atención del ser humano desde los primeros contactos, empezando por los Maorís, ya que el Tuátara es un animal importante en la cosmovisión de este pueblo, y posteriormente, para los primeros europeos que llegaron a Nueva Zelanda durante las expediciones inglesas al Pacífico, destacándose el asombro que produjo en los naturalistas. Algunos ejemplares del Tuátara fueron llevados a Inglaterra y depositados en el Museum of the College of Surgeons y en el British Museum, con escasos o nulos datos de colecta, lo cual era común para la época. En este contexto, el Tuátara fue descrito tres veces, recibiendo tres nombres a nivel de género, y curiosamente un mismo ejemplar fue descrito en dos ocasiones. Estos nombres fueron Sphenodon Gray 1831, Hatteria Gray 1842 y Rhynchocephalus Owen 1845. Además, compartió dos de sus nombres con otros organismos. El caso del Tuátara es uno entre muchos donde se dieron los casos de sinonimias y homonimias dentro de la historia de la taxonomía zoológica.
The Tuatara or Sphenodon punctatus is an endemic lepidosaur of New Zealand and the only extant representative of the rhynchocephalian clade. This reptile has attracted the attention of the human being since the first contacts; initially, with the Maoris, being an important creature present in their worldview, and later, for the first Europeans who arrived in New Zealand, during the English expeditions to the Pacific, standing out to the naturalists. Some specimens of the Tuatara were taken to England, and deposited in two institutions: at the Museum of the College of Surgeons, and at the British Museum, with little or no data of collection as was common at the time. In this context, the Tuatara was described three times receiving three names at the genus level, and curiously the same example was described twice. These names were Sphenodon Gray 1831, Hatteria Gray 1842, and Rhynchocephalus Owen 1845. In addition, it shared two of its names with other animals. Thus, the case of the Tuatara is one among many where there were cases of synonymy and homonymy within the history of zoological taxonomy.
The Tuatara or Sphenodon punctatus is an endemic lepidosaur of New Zealand and the only extant representative of the rhynchocephalian clade. This reptile has attracted the attention of the human being since the first contacts; initially, with the Maoris, being an important creature present in their worldview, and later, for the first Europeans who arrived in New Zealand, during the English expeditions to the Pacific, standing out to the naturalists. Some specimens of the Tuatara were taken to England, and deposited in two institutions: at the Museum of the College of Surgeons, and at the British Museum, with little or no data of collection as was common at the time. In this context, the Tuatara was described three times receiving three names at the genus level, and curiously the same example was described twice. These names were Sphenodon Gray 1831, Hatteria Gray 1842, and Rhynchocephalus Owen 1845. In addition, it shared two of its names with other animals. Thus, the case of the Tuatara is one among many where there were cases of synonymy and homonymy within the history of zoological taxonomy.
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