Bioreceptivity of archaeological ceramics in an arid region of northern Argentina

Abstract

Archaeological ceramics are of heritage significance, but their biodeterioration has been poorly explored. This study examines the damage resulting from the biodeterioration of such material at an arid site in La Rioja, a Province of northern Argentina. The microbial colonization of two styles of ceramics, Aguada and Rustic, was assessed by different microscopies and spectroscopy techniques and laboratory assays. Bacteria, fungi and cyanolichens have been typified. It is noteworthy the isolation of one strain of Pseudomonas sp. due to their adhesive potential and ability to form biofilms in all materials studied. The confirmation of biodeterioration processes involving mechanical damage and potential chemical changes was observed. Bacteria and fungi developed in cracks causing a breakdown of the material while cyanolichens grew on surfaces and edges of ceramics, producing a severe deterioration.